What are detergents? Detailed answer

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What are detergents? Detailed answer

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What are detergents?

Detergents are substances that make things clean. Soap is one of the types of detergents. But when we say "soap", we mean a cleaning agent made from natural materials. And when we say "detergent", we mean a substance made from synthetic materials. Synthetic detergents are made by combining various chemicals in a complex manufacturing process. Petroleum products, fats, resins and other components are part of the complex composition of these substances. They are produced in chemical plants with special equipment.

Those components of detergents that have a real cleaning effect are called surfactants, abbreviated as surfactants. They can be made from a variety of raw materials, such as petroleum products, animal and vegetable fats.

The chemical processes involved in production are very complex. For example, animal fats can be processed with various chemicals: alcohol, liquid hydrogen, sulfuric acid, alkalis - to make only one type of surfactant. The surfactant should be mixed with other chemicals that help remove dirt more thoroughly and prevent it from settling back on things that are washed or laundered.

Special bleaches, dyes and foaming agents may also be added. Synthetic detergents have become so popular because they can lather in any type of water - soft or hard, cold or hot. In this case, there is no sediment that remains on the walls of the bath. Most of the products we use in dishwashing and laundry are synthetic detergents. Soap is basically a personal hygiene item.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Which insect males steal wedding gifts from other males by mimicking a female?

One of the species of scorpion flies, Hylobittacus apicalis, has been described as entertaining mating relationship. For mating, the male must necessarily present prey to the female as a gift, and the larger the prey, the higher the likelihood of mating. The female eats prey in the process, and if there is still not very much food, mating is completed before the moment of insemination. Males sometimes do not get prey on their own, but steal it from mating pairs. Some males act even more subtly - when they see another male with prey, they fly up to him and make movements typical for a female before mating, often receiving a "wedding gift" and flying away with him to look for their female.

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