Who Invented the Microscope? Detailed answer

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Who Invented the Microscope? Detailed answer

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Who Invented the Microscope?

The word "microscope" is of Greek origin: the first part means "small", the second - "observer". Hence the "microscope" - an observer of something very small.

It is an instrument used to view tiny objects that are not visible to the naked eye. In general, an object appears larger when it is brought closer to the eye. But if you bring it closer than 25 cm, it becomes indistinguishable. It is said to be out of focus. If you place a simple convex lens between the eye and the object of observation, it will be brought closer than 25 cm, but still be in focus. This can be compared to using a magnifying glass.

And a simple magnifying glass is the simplest microscope that has been used since ancient times. Therefore, when we talk about the invention of the microscope, we mean the complex design of the microscope. And when we talk about a microscope now, we are talking about just that.

What is a compound microscope? The increase in it occurs at two levels, in two stages. The lenses, called "objectives", produce a primary magnified image. There are also other lenses called "eyepiece" that make it larger. In the established practice, there are several lenses in the objective and eyepiece, but the principle remains the same: image magnification in two stages.

The compound microscope was invented between 1590 and 1610. Although no one knows exactly the name of the inventor, this discovery is attributed to Galileo. Sometimes the Danish scientist Leeuwenhoek is considered the father of the microscope. But this is due to the fact that he owns many discoveries made using a microscope. Leeuwenhoek showed that weevils, fleas and other tiny organisms hatch from an egg, and do not appear from nowhere. He was the first to see such microscopic forms as protozoa (protozoa) and bacteria.

At present, the microscope is very important in science and industry.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is the strength of a diamond?

If you have some putty, what do you do to make it thicker and harder? You knead it, squeeze it, and the more you knead it, the tighter it becomes.

Diamonds have also been created in nature. Hundreds of millions of years ago, the surface of the Earth gradually cooled. At that time, a huge mass of molten rock was located at a depth. It was exposed to high temperatures and high pressure. Carbon under the influence of such pressure turned into what we today call "diamonds".

Diamonds are the hardest substances on Earth. However, it is very difficult to accurately determine the value of "hardness". When determining hardness, one mineral is scratched by another. In 1820, the scientist Moos proposed, based on a similar technique, a table of the hardness of minerals. According to this table, the minerals are arranged as follows, depending on their hardness: 1. Talc. 2. Gypsum. 3. Calcites. 4. Fluorites. 5. Apatite. 6. Feldspar. 7. Quartz. 8. Topaz. 9. Corundum. 10. Diamond.

But these data are in relation to one mineral to another. However, it turned out that, despite the ninth place for corundum and the tenth place for diamond, their difference in hardness is greater than the difference between the ninth and first places. Therefore, nothing can compare with diamonds in terms of hardness.

Then, if diamonds are so hard, how are they cut? A diamond can only be cut with another diamond! Diamond cutters use tools whose cutting edges are coated with diamond dust.

Diamond wheels for polishing and cutting are used in industry for various purposes, for example, when polishing optical glasses, when making all kinds of tools from copper, bronze, and other metals, when cutting glass. Today, more than 80% of mined diamonds are used in industry!

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Wormhole transport network 26.03.2022

Scientists suggest that evidence for the existence of such a transport network may lie in the data already collected.

There has long been an idea in science fiction that highly advanced alien civilizations could create a transport network of wormholes throughout the universe. And perhaps humanity has already found this network.

Such assumptions are still just theories, but they intrigue some scientists. Astrophysicist from Nagoya University (Japan) Fumio Abe says that perhaps humanity has already recorded a similar network in the universe, but lost evidence in a sea of other data. The expert believes that such evidence can be found if the data is reanalyzed.

"If wormholes with a throat radius of 100 to 10 million km are associated with our Milky Way and are as common as ordinary stars, then we can detect them by reanalyzing data from past years," says Abe.

According to the theory, wormholes are theoretical tunnels with two ends at different points in time and space. Wormholes do not violate Einstein's general theory of relativity, but science still has no idea if "wormholes" exist.

Scientists speculate that it took an astronomical amount of energy to keep the wormhole "operating".

"The wormhole, which is inherently unstable, needs a 'stuff' with repulsive gravity to keep the passage open. Such an energy would be equivalent to that emitted by a significant proportion of the stars in the galaxy," the expert notes.

If aliens created a network of such wormholes, they could be detected using gravitational microlensing. This method has already been used to detect thousands of distant exoplanets and stars.

In addition, there is another way to detect advanced alien civilizations. For example, the search for theoretical megastructures that are located around stars and use their energy. Scientists can also search for habitable planets by the pollution in their atmospheres.

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