What is science? Detailed answer

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What is science? Detailed answer

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What is science?

Man has always been looking for ways to explain life, what is happening around him. In ancient times, for this reason, myths were created in which nature was controlled by the spirit.

The ancient Greeks were the first to think about the forces of nature not under the influence of the spirit, but as things really are. But they tried to discover the truth only by observing and searching for causes, without organizing experiments. Therefore, many mistakes were made, many theories were adopted that explained a large number of phenomena, but by no means all.

In the 400th century, Roger Bacon resorted to experiment, not just causation, to test his theories, and nearly XNUMX years later, Sir Francis Bacon wrote The New Method, which laid down the principles of modern scientific methods. The use of the scientific method makes the body of knowledge a science. Unlike the old method of contemplation and reflection, the new method is based on careful experimentation and precise measurement.

Not all fields of science can use the same methods. A chemist can experiment with substances and the forces acting on them in the laboratory. And an astronomer cannot conduct experiments with celestial bodies. But both of them resort to the scientific method.

The first thing a scientist does when approaching a problem is to establish what is already known and try to establish new facts. He develops a working theory, or hypothesis, that explains certain results. He then measures, tests, and experiments to see if the hypothesis works. If so, then it becomes a proven theory. Or a scientist may wait until his work is finished and then formulate a theory. But a theory is not considered proven until it becomes clear that there is no other theory capable of explaining the known facts.

A scientist never considers something as proven once and for all. A theory or law is considered true only as long as it explains all known facts. But science knows that new facts may be discovered that may require a change in theory.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

In which state is Washington, the capital of the United States located?

In 1790, when deciding to establish the city of Washington as the future capital of the United States (it officially became it in 1800), Congress decided to build it on neutral territory in order to avoid rivalry between different cities on the issue of the location of federal institutions.

Administratively, the city of Washington since 1878 coincides with the Federal District of Columbia (which is not part of any of the states).

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

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Random news from the Archive

car without a person 27.09.2007

Engineers from the United States are creating a car that can travel 60 miles without human assistance in six hours, traveling along the roads of California.

“Two years ago, we tested a prototype of such a robot car in the Mojave Desert. Then our team showed 8th and 9th results, thanks to which we received financial support from the Department of Defense, Ford and Caterpillar companies. Of course, to travel It’s much more difficult for a robot to drive on the roads of California than in the desert, but we are well prepared,” says one of the participants in the work, graduate student of the University of Virginia Patrick Courier.

The robot, converted from a donated Ford Escape car, was named "One". It was equipped with a powerful on-board computer, a GPS receiver, laser scanners and video cameras. Sophisticated software allows you to simulate human behavior and recognize the maneuvers of vehicles in front.

As a result, the robot is able to drive along a marked freeway, change lanes, go around a stopped car, cross intersections and park. And he does all this without going beyond the rules of the road.

Three laser scanners 25 times in two seconds inspect the surrounding space and measure the speed of approaching "Odin" to a particular object on the road. Four more scanners are installed on the roof. Two of them look for potholes on the road, and two more follow objects that, when maneuvering, fall into the blind zone of the three main scanners.

It is assumed that such robots will carry out tasks for the delivery of goods to the battlefield along a given route during the conduct of hostilities by the US Army.

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