How does the body produce blood cells? Detailed answer

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How does the body produce blood cells? Detailed answer

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How does the body produce blood cells?

An adult human body contains about six liters of blood. There are approximately 35 billion blood cells in this fluid! It's almost impossible for us to imagine such a huge number, but it might give you an idea. Each blood cell is so small that it can only be seen with a microscope. If we imagine a chain made of these cells, then this chain will go around the globe four times! Where do these cells come from?

Obviously, a "factory" capable of producing such an incredible number of cells must have an amazing productivity - especially considering that sooner or later each of these cells decays and is replaced by a new one! The birthplace of blood cells is the bone marrow. If you look at an open bone, you will see inside it a reddish-gray porous substance - bone marrow. If you look at it under a microscope, you can see a whole network of blood vessels and connective tissues. Between these tissues and blood vessels are countless bone marrow cells, and it is in them that blood cells are born.

When a blood cell is in the bone marrow, it is an independent cell with its own nucleus. But before it leaves the bone marrow and enters the bloodstream, it loses its nucleus. As a result, a mature blood cell is no longer a complete cell. It is no longer a living element, but only a kind of mechanical device. A blood cell resembles a balloon made of protoplasm and filled with blood hemoglobin, which makes it red.

The sole function of the blood cell is to combine with oxygen in the lungs and replace carbon dioxide with oxygen in the tissues. The number and size of blood cells in a living being depends on its need for oxygen. Worms do not have blood cells. Cold-blooded amphibians have relatively few large cells in their blood.

Most of the blood cells in small warm-blooded animals that live in mountainous areas. The human bone marrow adapts to our oxygen needs. At higher altitudes, it produces more cells; at lower altitudes - less. People who live in the mountains can have twice as many blood cells as those who live on the coast!

Author: Likum A.

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