What are anesthetics? Detailed answer

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What are anesthetics? Detailed answer

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What are anesthetics?

The main task of any anesthetic is to control pain. Since ancient times, man has tried to find a way to do this.

Medical book written in the XNUMXst century AD. e., describes soporific drugs, but such drugs were already known in the East long before that. Various herbs, oils, gases and even hypnosis were used for this.

Before modern pain relief was used, each operation resulted in the patient's agony, and often death from shock and pain. Modern medicine has become possible thanks to the found method to stop pain and calm the patient.

There are two ways to achieve this. The first is to render the patient unconscious and is known as general anesthesia. The other is blocking the passage of nerve impulses from the area requiring surgical intervention. This method is called local anesthesia.

Most painkillers are gaseous. Inhaling them, a person loses consciousness. Examples of such gases are nitrous oxide, chloroform, ether and ethylene. But there are also painkillers that are injected into the blood.

They are mainly used in cases where there is no need to completely disable the patient, or as a preliminary anesthesia, as they are quickly introduced into an unconscious state, which is then maintained with the help of gaseous agents.

Local anesthesia is performed by injecting a narcotic drug. It is injected either into the operated area, or into the place where the sensory nerves are blocked, and sometimes to different levels of the spine into the vertebral fluid. The latter is sometimes used in childbirth.

During childbirth, another method is also used. The medicine is injected at the point where the nerves emerge from the spinal canal, so that it does not enter the spine itself.

Examples of local anesthetics are cocaine and novocaine. Now these drugs are used even in the treatment of teeth.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is pain?

Have you ever wished you didn't feel pain? In fact, we should thank fate that we have such an opportunity. Pain is our safety net. If you did not feel a toothache, you would not take care of their treatment in time. Without feeling pain when touching something hot, you can cause very serious damage to yourself.

Did you know that there is a disease in which a person does not feel pain? Such people very often harm themselves - by burning themselves, pricking, injuring themselves, because pain does not warn them that they need to be more careful.

Strangely enough, science still cannot fully explain the origin of pain. It is assumed that it owes its appearance to damage to the free nerve endings of the skin. Very weak impact does not cause pain. In other words, these nerve endings feel something, but the pain is only caused by strong energy. In very hot objects, the molecules move at great speed, and therefore, touching them, we feel pain.

The body does not have special pain receptors, but there are special nerves that perceive irritation. They lead through the spinal cord to the head.

The places on the skin where pain is felt when stimulated are called pain points. They are unevenly distributed throughout the body, and in some places they do not exist at all. But on average, there is one pain point on each part of the body the size of the letter "o". Thus, there are about 3 million points on the skin where pain can be felt.

The pain is different - from a burn, a cut, a bite, and so on. Pain is a combination of sensations such as pressure, heat, and others.

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