How big is the Grand Canyon? Detailed answer

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How big is the Grand Canyon? Detailed answer

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How big is the Grand Canyon?

Canyons are deep river valleys with very steep, often steep slopes and a narrow bottom, usually completely occupied by the riverbed.

One of the largest canyons in the world - the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River in the United States - is over 320 kilometers long, over 30 kilometers wide at the top and up to 1800 meters deep.

According to various estimates, the laying of this giant gorge took the river from 1,7 to 9 million years. If you take the average figures, it turns out that annually the Colorado carried 2,5 million cubic meters of rock into the ocean, and the rate of erosion was a meter deep per thousand years.

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Who built the first lighthouse?

Can you imagine a highway with absolutely no warning signs for damage, intersections, curves, nearby towns and centers? Naturally, sea routes also require exactly the same signs, and the lighthouse is one of them. Its light shows sailors the way to the port, with its help they can determine their position in the sea, its light warns ships of dangerous reefs and rocks.

The first lighthouses were small towers, on top of which stood metal baskets with burning wood or coal. They probably began to appear as soon as people began to go to sea, that is, thousands of years ago. Nobody knows exactly when they appeared. But it is known for certain that in the 1th century BC. e. there was a well-known lighthouse that stood on Cape Sigeum near the Hellespont. The most famous lighthouse of ancient times was the Pharos marble lighthouse in Alexandria, Egypt, named after the island on which it stood. Today, its cost would be estimated at $ XNUMX million, it was recognized as one of the seven wonders of the world. In the III century BC. e. the fire that shone on its top showed the ships the way to Alexandria.

The Romans built many famous lighthouses, for example in Boulogne, in what is now France, which operated until the XNUMXth century. Their lighthouses were small and poorly built compared to modern ones. Now every country with a sea coast has a commission in the government that deals with the construction and operation of lighthouses.

When a lighthouse can be built on land, its construction is quite simple and it does not cost too much. But when it is built on a rock that is constantly overwhelmed by waves, or on quicksand, or on shallows, difficult engineering problems must be solved.

The lighthouse tower may be built of hard stone, such as granite, or lined with stone, or consist of a reinforced concrete structure.

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Random news from the Archive

The heart of a woman does not grow old 21.09.2005

Why do women live longer than men? In developed countries, the gap in life expectancy is 5-6 years, in poor countries it is less (due to the underdevelopment of health care, the death rate of women during childbirth is relatively high). But there are no countries where there would be no difference. Why?

There are two possible answers here. One is evolutionary: if a woman lives to such an age that she manages to take part in raising her grandchildren, this is beneficial not only for the family, but for the entire species of Homo sapiens.

Another answer, purely medical, was recently given by British researchers from John Moores University in Liverpool. It turns out that the female heart almost does not age.

The British studied the power of the heart as a pump in 250 healthy, but not engaged in physical education men and women aged 18 to 80 years. The ejection volume at each contraction, blood flow velocity and blood pressure were measured.

Ultrasound was used to measure the volume of the heart chambers and the thickness of the muscle walls. It turned out that by the age of 70, the power of a man's heart drops by 18-20 percent compared to the age of 25, and the efficiency of a woman's heart practically does not change. Between the ages of 20 and 70, a man loses a third of the contractile cells of the heart wall, and women have almost no loss.

The reasons for this difference are still unclear. In any case, female sex hormones seem to have nothing to do with it.

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