How did the Pacific get its name? Detailed answer

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How did the Pacific get its name? Detailed answer

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How did the Pacific get its name?

In 1513, the Spanish conquistador Vasco Nunez de Balboa (1475-1519), in search of a rich southern coastal country (Peru), was the first European to cross the Isthmus of Panama at its narrowest point and on September 29 went (at the head of a detachment of 27 people) to the Pacific Ocean. The body of water discovered by him, lying to the south of the Isthmus of Panama, Balboa called the South Sea and proclaimed the possession of the Spanish crown (not suspecting that the greatest of the oceans of the Earth lay before him).

In 1521, Ferdinand Magellan (circa 1480-1521) crossed the Pacific Ocean for the first time and gave it such a name because on the way from the western coast of South America to the coast of Asia, his expedition never got into a storm.

Later, the English navigator Francis Drake (1540-1596), who crossed the Pacific Ocean second, said that the name "Raging Ocean" would be more appropriate for him.

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

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Who came up with the notes?

Who invented the musical staff - five horizontal rulers, on which musical signs were placed? It happened at the beginning of the XI century. Then the Italian monk Guido d'Arezzo - Guido Aretinsky (992-1050), a musician and singing teacher from the city of Arezzo - drew the very first rulers, along which, like steps, musical signs ran up and down. True, at first there were not five lines, but four, and they were all of different colors.

Such signs-symbols became known as notes. Notes (from the Latin "notatio", which means "writing, designation") began to be placed both on the lines themselves and between them. The notes look like small oval heads. The duration of the sound is indicated by a white or black note head, and by the location of the note on the stave, you can determine its height.

The notes had to be named somehow. To make it easier to remember the names of sounds, Guido ordered his chorister students to learn a hymn-prayer in honor of St. John, who was considered the patron saint of church singers. For this prayer, Guido composed a new melody, in which each subsequent line of poetry began a step higher than the previous one. And each first syllable of a new line became the name of a new note. So the notes got their first name: Ut, Re, Mi, Fa, Sol, La - according to the initial syllables of the first six words of the hymn-prayer.

Over time, the syllable Ut was replaced by the syllable Do, and the name for another sound-note appeared - Si, made up of the first letters of the phrase Sancte Iohanne - St. John. This is how the first international language appeared - the language of notes, which is now understood by all the musicians of the world: DO - RE - MI - FA - SOL - LA - SI.

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