|
Arabic
Bengali
Chinese
English
French
German
Hebrew
Hindi
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Malay
Polish
Portuguese
Spanish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese|
BOOKS AND ARTICLES
INTELLIGENCE PLUS (SOMETIMES) A LITTLE PHYSICS
Books and articles / And then came the inventor
Well, now - the tasks for training. Let me remind you again: try not to look for answers at random. Use rules, tricks. If you have any difficulties with physics, re-read the third chapter, look through the textbooks. Problem 68. TREASURES OF THE PIRATE FLINT The expedition searched for Flint's treasures for a long time. Finally, with the help of an underwater television camera, a treasure chest was discovered. A solid wooden chest lay at a depth of 500 meters, half submerged in the sand. When the first enthusiasm subsided, the members of the expedition thought: how to raise the chest? Usually sunken cargo is lifted with the help of pontoons. A pontoon is a metal tank. It is filled with water, lowered down and attached to the load. The water is then displaced with compressed air. The pontoon floats up and lifts the load. "Piastres, piastres," the leader of the expedition said gloomily. - But how to raise these piastres? We have a pontoon, but it is not known how to attach it to the lid of the chest. You can’t lower a diver to such a depth. Robots? We don't have any robots... All we have is an underwater TV camera and a pontoon. And then, of course, an inventor appeared. "Let's formulate an IFR, an ideal end result," he said. - Here is the pontoon sank on the lid of the chest. We will do this without difficulty, we have a television camera. IKR: the lid of the chest and the lower surface of the pontoon themselves ("without anything") are connected to each other. "Without nothing" or with the help of water, because there is as much of it as you like ... How to connect a pontoon and a chest with water? The answer can be checked but the journal "Technology and Science", 1980, No. 1, p. 28. Problem 69 The conventional thermometer was invented a long time ago. Inside the glass tube there is a plate with numbers and dashes, and a thin tube is attached to the plate, along which mercury rises, expanding when heated. As you can see, the thermometer is simple, this is its advantage. But there is one drawback: it is difficult to see to what level the mercury has risen in a thin tube. Remember what Aibolit did in Africa? Ten nights Aibolit Doesn't eat, doesn't drink, doesn't sleep ten nights in a row He heals the unfortunate animals And puts and puts them thermometers. Ten nights looking at thermometers is not an easy job. Oh, how useful thermometers would be for Aibolit, in which it is easy to see a column of mercury! Probably, you have already thought about how to make the tube wider. Unfortunately, in a wide tube, mercury itself, without shaking, falls when the temperature drops, and this is unacceptable for a thermometer. So, try to come up with a new thermometer. All the properties of an ordinary thermometer must be preserved, but the mercury column must be such that it is easy to detect. Problem 70. HELP THE SHERIFF An excerpt from a detective novel: “Now you are in the hands of justice,” said the sheriff. “Were hoping to sneak away, eh? . - Do not hurry, sheriff, - shrugged one of the detainees. - Lost diamond "Jupiter"? We express our sincere sympathy and all that. We don't have this diamond, we only have five diamonds. The legacy of the late grandmother. "That's right," the other chuckled. - Look at this case from a scientific point of view. The weight is different, the shape is different. Does the color match? Are there enough white diamonds and diamonds? Chemical composition? There is carbon and we have carbon, all diamonds and diamonds have carbon. We should probably let go..." Help the sheriff expose the criminals.
If you would like to test your assumption, take a look at the book "Creativity as an exact science" on page 132. Problem 71. COFFEE IN WEIGHTLESSNESS In one fantastic story, an astronaut decided to make coffee. How to do it in weightlessness? It's very simple, the astronaut argues, I'll take the liquid, magnetize it, and then I'll magnetize the cezve (a metal cup with a long handle), that's all! "Now we will drink Turkish coffee from magnetic cups," says the cosmonaut.
Do you think it will be possible to brew coffee like this? How would you brew coffee in zero gravity? Please note that you must do this simply and safely. We must, of course, remember that coffee retains its taste ... Problem 72. COMPLETE THE SU-FIELD A section of the pipeline was excavated at the plant. It was necessary to clarify: in which direction does the liquid flow in the pipe? They tapped the pipe in every way, listened - nothing could be determined. "We'll cut the pipe," said the engineer. - What can you do...
And then an inventor appeared. - Why cut? he wondered. - It is necessary to complete the su-field. There are two substances - a pipe and a liquid. It remains to add a field. The task is simple, although a copyright certificate has also been issued for its solution. Problem 73. CALL FIREMANS!.. They said on the radio: autumn frosts are expected. - Trouble, - said the director of the state farm, - what to do with the experimental site? There are plants that love warmth ... - The area is large, - the chief astronomer sighed, - you can’t cover it with a film, you can’t heat it ... And then an inventor appeared. - Keep warm in a large area? he asked. - Call the firemen, I have an idea... Why do you think firefighters were needed?
The answer can be verified by Pionerskaya Pravda, April 15, 1980. Problem 74 The exhibition demonstrated an electric soldering iron that turns off when overheated. - How is it arranged? one of the visitors asked. “Probably there is a temperature sensor,” suggested another visitor. - In case of overheating, the sensor gives a signal, a special relay turns off the soldering iron. And then an inventor appeared. “There is no sensor or relay,” he said. - The soldering iron turns itself off. The whole trick is... You can check your answer by looking at the Radio magazine, 1978, No. 1, p. 58. Problem 75. WILL COST CHEAP In the ninth grade physics textbook, various types of electrical capacitors are drawn. The simplest capacitor is two metal plates separated by an insulator, such as air. The smaller the air gap, the larger the capacitance of the capacitor. A factory that makes visual aids for schools made a capacitor, the plates of which were moved with a micrometer screw. - Bad, - said the director of the plant, examining the device. - Records are cheap, but because of the micrometer screw, the device is expensive. - So what to do? - objected the chief engineer. - For experiments, you need to move the plates very accurately. And then an inventor appeared. - The device will be cheap! - he said. - This requires... What did the inventor suggest? Problem 76. "I SAW A FUNNY PICTURE..." The laboratory tried to improve the processing of fur skins. In the manufacture of skins, they are washed several times with special solutions and clean water. A lot of time is spent drying wet fur. The laboratory staff decided to use a hair dryer - a fan that gives a stream of heated air. We assembled the installation, tried it ... Nothing happened! The air flow dried the upper part of the fur, a dense crust of sticky hair formed on its surface, and water remained under the crust. We changed the flow rate and air temperature - all the same, the hair stuck together, drying was slow. And then an inventor appeared. “I saw a funny picture in a magazine,” he said. - The hairdresser gave his client some kind of terrible romance, the client's hair stood on end, it is convenient for the hairdresser to cut them ...
- What do you propose? - the head of the laboratory was surprised. - Read novels to our skins or show horror films? - Everything is much simpler, - the inventor answered. "Hairs will stand on end if physical law is used..." What law did the inventor have in mind? Problem 77. THE SECOND HALF OF THE SECRET Engineers studied different models of parachutes. A small parachute model was installed in a glass tube, water was pumped through and, by changing the flow regimes, the behavior of the model and the formation of vortices were observed. The work did not go well: it was difficult to see or photograph colorless eddies in a colorless stream. Color the water? But black vortices in a black stream will not be visible at all... Someone suggested to cover the model with a thin layer of soluble paint. It turned out well: in a colorless stream, colored vortices were clearly visible. However, after ten minutes the paint completely dissolved, the test had to be interrupted. They tried to apply a thick layer of paint on the model - the shape of the parachute was distorted, the tests lost their meaning. “Paint must be applied from inside the model,” said one engineer. - True, the wires from which the lines of the model are made are very thin. I can't figure out how to make paint channels inside them. But there are craftsmen who can paint the whole picture on a grain of rice. I need to find a craftsman... - Can you imagine how long it will take your craftsman? another engineer chuckled.
And then an inventor appeared. "Let's get creative," he said. - Here's a piece of wire. There is no paint on it at all, the shape of the model is not distorted. We lower the wire into a stream of water - and on the surface of the wire, as if by magic, a very thin layer of paint appears. Water washes away this layer. But immediately a new one appears. The ideal solution: one thin layer of paint is washed off with a stream and another is immediately formed. - But this is impossible! the engineers objected. - Where will the paint come from? - From water, - the inventor has answered. - She has nowhere else to go. Water, in contact with the wire, must itself turn into paint, that is, into some kind of substance that is different from water. That's half the secret. And the other half is how exactly to do it. Try to solve the second half of the secret. The answer can be checked by looking at the journal "Technology and Science", 1982, No. 5, p. 19. Problem 78. PETALS FOLLOW AN ORDER Once upon a time, bees and other pollinating insects rushed over the fields from morning to evening. But the fields are now treated with chemicals, it repels insects. The idea arose to use a strong wind instead of bees: let the wind carry the pollen. In one institute, a blower was developed for this - powerful, convenient. Brought to the field, turned on. There is wind, but pollen is not transferred! The petals of the flowers closed tightly, hiding the pollen from the wind... - Everything is clear, - said the scientist to his colleague. - In the process of long development, plants have developed the ability to close the petals in strong winds. For them, the air flow from our blower is just dangerous bad weather. Plants don't understand that we're helping carry pollen. - What do we do? asked a colleague. - Do not breed new types of plants, it will take years. And then an inventor appeared. “Using a familiar physical law,” he said. - The petals will be open even in the strongest wind, if ... What do you think the inventor proposed?
Machine for thinning flowers in gardens
02.05.2024 Advanced Infrared Microscope
02.05.2024 Air trap for insects
01.05.2024
▪ Fever machine - a cure for depression ▪ Concrete with nanoparticles will make the air cleaner ▪ Created a biodegradable transistor based on proteins ▪ AMD to Introduce FX-8140 Octa-Core Processor with 95W TDP
▪ site section Frequency synthesizers. Selection of articles ▪ Evil Empire article. Popular expression ▪ article Which animal is the longest? Detailed answer ▪ article First aid for bleeding. Health care ▪ article Typographic inks. Simple recipes and tips ▪ article A vase on... a lathe. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews
www.diagram.com.ua |
See other articles Section 
Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
All languages of this page