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Winged words, phraseological units. Meaning, history of origin, examples of use
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Gallows humor
German
Phraseologism: Gallows humor.
Meaning: Jokes of a person in a difficult or hopeless situation.
Origin: Kalka with him. "Galgenhumor". Probably goes back to the German folk legends about Til Ulenspiegel, in one of which he amused the crowd with jokes that had gathered to watch his execution (by hanging).
Random phraseology:
Panacea.
Meaning:
It is used, as a rule, ironically and as part of the phrase "panacea for all evils" - a means for solving all kinds of problems - all at once.
Origin:
From Latin: "Panacea". Translation: "All-healing". The name of a speculative, non-existent miracle drug that is supposed to cure all diseases equally well. |
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| Random news from the Archive Quantum dots - lamps of the future
22.05.2012
Scientists from Vanderbilt University have increased the luminescence of quantum dots by up to 45%. This is comparable to the efficiency of some commercial phosphors. In the future, this will make it possible to use quantum dots as an economical, durable source of illumination.
Today, incandescent lamps are considered hopelessly outdated. The main task of scientists is the development of highly efficient economical solid-state lighting sources that emit white light that is pleasing to the eye.
One of the most promising lighting technologies is the use of quantum dots. These tiny cadmium selenide fluorescent particles can convert the blue light emitted by a cheap, bright LED into a warm white light with the same spectrum as an incandescent lamp. This sets quantum dots apart from compact fluorescent lamps and white LEDs, which create white light using monochromatic colors.
A common measure of the efficiency of lighting fixtures is luminous efficacy, measured as the amount of visible light (lumens) per watt of power consumed. An incandescent lamp produces about 15 lumens/watt, fluorescent lamps about 100 lumens/watt. White LEDs available on the market are from 28 to 93 lumens/watt.
Until now, quantum dots have lagged far behind traditional light sources in this indicator. However, scientists from Vanderbilt University managed to increase the light output by 10 times and reach a figure of about 40 lumens / watt. At the same time, their light source emits very high-quality white, and not monochromatic light.
This was achieved using an efficient ultraviolet LED, the addition of acetic acid and ultra-small quantum dots containing only 60-70 atoms. These quantum dots are so small that almost all of their atoms are on the surface of the particles, which allows the production of white light, which is usually generated precisely by the surface atoms of quantum dots.
Currently, scientists are working on increasing light output and creating prototypes of quantum lamps. The main problem with increasing the brightness is the appearance of a bluish tint, which is so annoying for people when using LED lamps. However, according to scientists, they know how to solve this problem.
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