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Lieutenant Kizhe

Dal V.I.

Phraseologism: Lieutenant Kizhe.

Meaning: 1. About a ridiculous mistake that can lead to serious, far-reaching consequences (joking). 2. About a mythical figure who by mistake (misunderstanding, absurd coincidence, etc.) is considered to be a real person (jokingly ironic).

Origin: This expression owes its appearance in Russian culture to the writer and author-compiler of the famous "Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language" Vladimir Ivanovich Dahl (1801-1872). He is also the author of other works, including Tales of the Times of Paul I, which he wrote down from the words of his father. They cite a historical anecdote based on the general atmosphere of the Pavlovian reign, when some officers suddenly became privates from generals, somehow not pleasing the emperor, while others, on the contrary, made a rapid career in the blink of an eye. Once, a certain military clerk, drawing up an order for the promotion of officers to the next rank, deducing the words "ensigns are such and such as second lieutenants", made a mistake - he moved the end of the word "ensigns" ("ki") to the next line, writing it with a capital letter and merged with the subsequent "g". So a certain "ensign Kizh" appeared. Emperor Pavel, signing this decree on the promotion of warrant officers to second lieutenants, decided for some reason to single out Kizh in particular and inscribed with his own hand: "Lieutenant Kizh to lieutenants." And for some reason, this freshly baked lieutenant Kizh came to the tsar's liking: the next day, signing a similar order, Pavel promoted him to staff captain, on the third - to captain. Soon a decree was issued on conferring the rank of colonel on Kizhu with a royal note on the order: "Call me now." The entire military leadership was alarmed, but they could not find Kizh. And, only having found the first order, with a clerical error, did they understand what was the matter. But no one dared to report to the emperor that the officer he loved so much was the fruit of a clerical mistake. And since Pavel hurried everything with an audience, they finally decided to report on Colonel Kizhe like this - he supposedly died suddenly and therefore cannot arrive. "It's a pity, there was a good officer ..." - Pavel said sadly (Russian antiquity. 1870. Vol. II). Later, the Soviet writer Yu. N. Tynyanov wrote the story Lieutenant Kizhe (1928) based on this plot, which was subsequently filmed. The author retained the plot of the original source almost completely, only called the mythical second lieutenant a little differently - "Kizhe" (with an emphasis on the last word), thus giving him a French origin.

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