Agriculture - Selection. Crosswordist's Handbook

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Reference book crossword. Quick word search by mask. Selection

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Crosswordist's Handbook

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Agriculture / Crop production / Breeding

(4)

SORT - a plant created during selection

(6)

HYBRID - offspring from crossing heterogeneous plants

ROOTSTOCK - grafted plant

BREED - stable group of one species

SCRIPT - grafted stalk, peephole

INTSUHT - crossing closely related forms

TESTER - a hybrid that determines the grade

(7)

BEKROSS - backcross

MUTATION - sudden permanent change

SHANK - part of the shoot for vaccinations

(8)

PARABIOZ - crossing method

VACCINATION - transplantation of cuttings, buds from one plant to another

SELECTION - breeding of new varieties

TOPCROSS - crossbreeding method

(9)

HETEROSIS - the appearance of abnormal individuals

INBREEDING - see Incucht

PANMIXIA - crossing method

POLYCROSS - crossing method

POPULATION - a set of individuals of the same species

(10)

AMPHIDIPOID - interspecific hybrid

DOCULATION - grafting on wild

BREED - the presence of signs of the breed

(11)

AUTOBRIDING - a type of crossing

HETEROGENESIS - the appearance of abnormal individuals

COPULATION - method of grafting

CULTIVATOR (see Variety)

(12)

ABLAKTIVKA - method of grafting

HYBRIDIZATION - crossing different varieties

CROSSBREEDING - interbreeding

(14)

CLEANING - the percentage of typical plants in the crop

VARIETY TESTING - evaluation of varieties in comparison with the standard

(15)

VARIETY RENEWAL - periodic replacement of seeds

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In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers. ... >>

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Random news from the Archive

The temperature on Mars rises during the day and at midnight 21.06.2013

Scientists believe clouds of ice and water vapor hold the key to Martian thermal fluctuations.
NASA researchers from Pasadena, California, studying the Red Planet with the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, have found that the temperature of Mars's atmosphere regularly rises and falls not once, but twice a day.

"We noticed that the maximum temperature is not only in the middle of the day, which is natural and logical, but it also rises after midnight," said Armin Kleinboil of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. Kleinboil is the lead author of a report on the new research that led to these conclusions. Temperature fluctuations occur within about 30 degrees Celsius. Planetary scientists have explored the entire temperature range of day and night across Mars. As a result of observations using the Mars Climate Sounder instrument, it was found that this pattern is dominant on a global scale and is observed all year round. A report on these studies is published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.

Global changes in wind direction, fluctuations in temperature and pressure are repeated from day to day and are called atmospheric tides. Unlike terrestrial sea tides, they are driven by temperature differences between day and night. On Earth, there are also atmospheric tides, but they are not so noticeable with us due to the small temperature difference in the lower layers of the atmosphere. On Mars, which has an atmosphere of only about one percent of Earth's, they control short-term changes in temperature across the planet. Temperature peaks that occur once a day are called "diurnal", and twice a day "semidiurnal".

The semidiurnal cycle on Mars was first recorded back in the 70s of the last century. But then it was considered that it was caused by dusty seasons, when strong winds begin to blow during the first summer months, which raise millions of tons of brown-red dust hundreds of meters up. “We were surprised to find these significant twice-daily temperature fluctuations during dust-free periods,” Kleinboil said. “While the diurnal temperature spike on Mars has been known for many decades, the discovery of a regular semi-diurnal nighttime maximum without any major dust storms was quite suddenly".

The scientist and four of his co-authors managed to find the answer - the whole thing turned out to be in the Martian water-ice clouds, which are abundant in the atmosphere during most of the year. They are mainly observed in the equatorial region at altitudes of 10 to 30 kilometers, due to the absorption of infrared light emitted by the Martian surface during the daytime. These are fairly transparent clouds, similar to thin cirrus clouds on Earth. However, the heat accumulated in these clouds is enough to warm the atmosphere every day.

"We think of Mars as a cold, dry world with very little water. But there is actually more water vapor in the atmosphere of Mars than in Earth's upper atmosphere," Kleinboil said. "Now we know we need to take a closer look at water-ice clouds, if we want to understand how the Martian atmosphere works."

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