Carthusian diver. Fun physical experience at home

ENTERTAINING EXPERIENCES AT HOME
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Carthusian diver. Physical experiments

Entertaining experiments in physics

Entertaining experiences at home / Physics experiments for children

This entertaining experience is about three hundred years old. It is attributed to the French scientist René Descartes (in Latin, his surname is Cartesius). The experience was so popular that they created a toy based on it, which they called the "Carthusian Diver". The device was a glass cylinder filled with water, in which a figure of a man floated vertically. The figurine was in the upper part of the vessel. When the rubber film covering the top of the cylinder was pressed, the figurine slowly sank down to the bottom. When they stopped pressing, the figure rose up.

We will do this experiment with you more simply. The role of a diver will be performed by a dropper-dropper, and an ordinary bottle will serve as a vessel.

Fill the bottle with water, leaving two to three millimeters to the edge of the neck. Take a pipette, draw some water into it and lower it into the neck of the bottle. It should be at or slightly above the level of the water in the bottle with its upper rubber end. In this case, it is necessary to achieve that, from a slight push with your finger, the pipette sinks, and then it itself rises again. Now, placing your thumb or the soft part of your hand on the neck of the bottle so as to close its opening, press on the layer of air that is above the water. The pipette will go to the bottom of the bottle. Loosen the pressure of your finger or palm - it will pop up again.

Carthusian diver

The fact is that we slightly compressed the air in the neck of the bottle and this pressure was transferred to the water. Water penetrated into the pipette - it became heavier and drowned. When the pressure was stopped, the compressed air inside the pipette removed excess water, our diver "became lighter and surfaced. If at the beginning of the experiment the" diver "does not obey you, then you need to adjust the initial amount of water in the pipette.

When the pipette is at the bottom of the bottle, it is easy to see how water enters the pipette from increasing pressure on the air in the neck of the bottle, and when the pressure is released, it leaves it.

This device can be improved by pulling a piece of a bicycle tube or film from a balloon over the neck of the bottle. Then it will be easier to manage our "diver".

Author: Rabiza F.V.

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