Nicotine from e-cigarettes causes mutations in DNA. Free Technical Library News

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Nicotine from e-cigarettes mutates DNA

12.02.2018

It is believed that electronic cigarettes are safer than conventional ones because they do not contain carcinogens. In an ordinary cigarette, nitrosamines appear during smoldering - the result of nicotine modification, in addition, tobacco does not burn completely; both nitrosamines and products of incomplete combustion of tobacco are dangerous because they cause mutations in DNA, which, in turn, can start a malignant tumor.

In electronic cigarettes, nothing burns, a person inhales vapor from nicotine dissolved in a special substance. In other words, such devices allow you to satisfy nicotine addiction in a safer way, without exposing yourself to the action of carcinogens. And all the debate about e-cigarettes is usually about whether they really help to forget about regular cigarettes. (According to the latest research on this topic, yes, they really do help.)

True, in fact, it may turn out that e-cigarettes are as harmful as regular ones. Instead of looking for carcinogens in e-cigarette aerosols, researchers at New York University simply tested the effect of their vapor on mice and on human epithelial cells from the lungs and bladder.

The effect of nicotine and solvents was tested both together and separately. Naturally, neither mice nor human cells could smoke e-cigarettes, so the liquid was specially heated, and the temperature for heating was chosen so that it was the same as in conventional electronic cigarettes or lower. (It is believed that just when cigarette liquids are overheated, dangerous substances appear in them.)

Without nicotine, e-liquid did not harm mice or human cells in any way. But nicotine, alone or in e-cigarette liquid, was harmful: after it, chemical changes appeared in DNA, exactly the same as after nitrosamines from regular cigarettes. Apparently, nicotine itself can be modified directly in living tissues, and already in such a modified form, introduce mutations in DNA. Moreover, in lung cells, the activity of proteins responsible for DNA repair, for correcting mutations, decreased.

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