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Control of phonons with photons of light

02.10.2017

A group of researchers from the University of Vienna, Austria, and the Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands, have developed a new method that makes it possible to measure and control certain parameters of sound vibration quanta, phonons, using light photons. This method can become the basis for new types of information storage and processing devices, on the basis of which quantum computers and communication systems will be built.

Scientists have long noticed that phonons exhibit particle-like behavior, which is why they were classified as quasiparticles. Moreover, the immaterial nature of phonons makes it possible to use them as a bridge between the world of classical physics and the quantum world. But in order to be able to use phonons for this purpose, it is necessary to be able not only to obtain them, but also to measure and control their parameters, which are responsible for their quantum state.

The new method developed by scientists is based on pulses of high-energy blue light, illuminating the so-called silicon optomechanical crystal, which has a certain shape. Under the influence of the energy of blue light photons, the crystal begins to vibrate in a special way and phonons appear in its medium. And to interact with these phonons, scientists use pulses of low-energy red light. Red light photons interact with phonons without affecting their quantum state, some of them are reflected back and captured by the interferometer sensors, which measure all the main parameters of these photons.

The information carried by the photons of the reflected red light contains information about the state of the phonons inside the crystal. The data collected by scientists showed that some phonons in a crystal obey the laws of quantum mechanics to a greater extent than the laws of classical physics, i.e. are quantum particles that can be used in various quantum technologies.

During the research, scientists have demonstrated that due to the quantum nature of light photons and some phonons inside the crystal, the new technology can be used to store quantum information. And matrices of silicon resonator crystals can be placed directly on a quantum processor chip or on a separate quantum memory chip of a sufficiently large volume, the presence of which can significantly expand the capabilities of quantum computing systems.

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