Exciton laser on bacteria. Free Technical Library News

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Exciton laser on bacteria

28.08.2016

Physicists from the UK and Germany have developed a laser that works using a green fluorescent protein derived from a modified E. coli (Escherichia coli).

Unlike most lasers that use stimulated emission, which occurs when an electron passes from a high energy level to a lower one, the device proposed by scientists belongs to the exciton-polariton class.

In its microresonators, filled with the protein of genetically modified bacteria, excitons are formed - quasi-particles from electrons and holes, which, pairing with photons, turn into other quasi-particles - polaritons. The latter can be found in a wide range of energy states, and the green fluorescent protein prevents excitons from annihilating before they become polaritons.

The device operates at room temperature and does not require the use of expensive materials, in particular expensive inorganic or organic materials. The laser created by scientists can be used in optical communications and precision measurements.

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New games will need an SSD 21.06.2023

Many of the latest games increasingly require the use of solid state drives (SSDs), ditching the obsolete spinning hard drives. Microsoft revealed at the Xbox Games Showcase a new Bethesda IP called Starfield, which requires 25GB of SSD storage for the first time in 125 years when it launches on September 6th. This is not just a recommendation, but the minimum system requirements to play Starfield on PC.

Such changes are not isolated cases. CD Projekt Red has also raised the minimum specs for its Cyberpunk 2077 game, requiring an SSD and phasing out HDD support. While this change in system requirements is due to the upcoming Phantom Liberty expansion, which will not be available on older Xbox One and PS4 consoles with hard drives, the base PC game will also be updated to meet these new minimum SSD requirements.

CD Projekt Red explains the change this way: "One of the changes is the removal of HDD support in the minimum system requirements. SSDs offer faster boot times, better data transfer and better performance than HDDs."

Despite this, Cyberpunk 2077 will still run on hard drives, but CD Projekt Red will no longer actively support and test the game on such devices, which may result in performance issues or bugs.

There are more games ahead of us that require at least an SSD as game developers continue to move away from previous generation consoles like Xbox One and PS4 and focus more on the boundaries of the new Xbox Series S/X and PS5 consoles. Since all current consoles are equipped with an SSD, we'll see how developers can use this technology to boot quickly without the need for hard drives. We may also see more games supporting DirectStorage technology.

Over time, it is expected that most games will require the use of an SSD as developers look to make the most of the opportunities provided by SSDs and move away from legacy hard drives. While games will not immediately stop working on hard drives, developers will actively focus on SSD support and testing games on this technology, which can lead to performance limitations and errors when using hard drives.

Thus, we are on the path to a gradual transition to the use of SSD in the gaming industry. Gamers can still continue to use hard drives, but game developers are looking to move into the world of SSDs, where loading speed and quietness are the standard.

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