Genetics and cholesterol. Free Technical Library News

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Genetics and cholesterol

14.05.2016

An excess of a harmful substance in the blood may not be related to nutrition.

Everyone now knows that low-density cholesterol is harmful: this substance necessary for the body suddenly forms plaques in the blood vessels. Developing over several years, they clog blood vessels, which leads to heart disease and other troubles. It is believed that at risk are overweight people who eat fatty foods and consume a lot of refined sugar. However, sometimes a skinny person who has preferred a Mediterranean diet with an abundance of vegetables, herbs and seafood all his life, doctors say: but you will have too much cholesterol, you should be careful. Why is it so?

It turns out that this is a genetically determined feature of the body. Researchers at the Boston Children's Hospital, led by Dr. Sarah de Ferranti, analyzed data from 36 people who took part in a US nutrition and health analysis program from 1999 to 2012. They looked at blood tests, weight, race, gender, history of heart attacks, and family history of program participants. As it turns out, the family predisposition to high cholesterol is by no means an urban legend, it is present in one person in 250 Americans. More precisely, one in 249 whites, one in 211 blacks, and one in 414 Hispanics. The data on whites upset the researchers: they thought that the predisposition was half as common.

“With a genetic predisposition to high cholesterol, the risk of a heart attack is as if a person is ten years older than his age. If there are cases of early heart attacks in the family, then such people should avoid additional risk factors such as smoking, being overweight, a sedentary lifestyle,” says de Ferranti, "It's a pity we don't have genetic data, and we would like to get it in the course of further work."

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