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body music

03.05.2016

From time immemorial, people have created music with their own physical "assets", so to speak - voices or hands, even if these hands had to use "instruments" (literally and figuratively) to play it. The efforts of many inventors in recent times have been aimed at expanding the capabilities of such tools. For example, not so long ago, Georgia Institute of Technology (USA) professor Gil Weinberg demonstrated an automatic prosthesis that gives the drummer unprecedented and unheard of possibilities in the form of a third hand that reacts both to the music being played and to the movements of the musician.

However, no one has yet thought of using the biological potential of the body. This was done by a group of musicians, engineers and designers from New York, united in a company called XTH. And united them in her musical instrument Xth Sense ("X feeling"), developed by a specialist in the field of "biophysical music" Marco Donnarumma (Marco Donnarumma). Marco started working on the instrument in 2010 when he was a student at the University of Edinburgh (Scotland). And by 2016, the company had gotten a few prototypes smart enough to place a crowdfunding call on the Kickstarter crowdfunding site.

The XTH Sense device is designed to be worn on the arms, legs or waist. Sensors, a radio transmitter and a highly sensitive bioacoustic microphone are hidden under the polyurethane shell. During the movement of users, sensors measure body temperature, record gestures and capture bioacoustic signals from contracting muscles, blood flowing in vessels and heartbeat. With the help of radio signals, information is transmitted to computers located at a distance of up to 15 m, where it is processed by software created by the company.

Depending on the wishes of the user, the XTH Sense device can create digital music or enhance the capabilities of a live instrument. Moreover, when using graphic design programs, the device can recognize body movements as commands to change the direction of the stroke, the size of the brush or the intensity of the paint, thus creating a synthesis of "biophysical" music and "biophysical" painting.

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Seizure Implant 10.09.2018

Modern advances in pharmacology help control seizures, but drugs can cause side effects and may also be completely useless if a person is not susceptible to drugs. A neurotransmitter implant placed in the brain to prevent seizures could make a difference, according to new research.

The experimental implant was developed in collaboration between the University of Cambridge and INSERM (French National Institute for Health and Medical Research).

Typically, seizures occur when neurons start firing in a particular area of ​​the brain, causing neighboring neurons to do the same. This behavior of neurons quickly causes a chain reaction, which ultimately leads to a short-term impossibility of full control of one's own body or loss of consciousness.

The device contains a natural neurotransmitter that stops neurons before they fire, and the implant uses electrodes to detect a neural signal associated with a seizure. The difficulty is that a seizure can appear in any area of ​​the brain, respectively, the implant should be placed where the neurons most often provoke seizures.

When a signal is detected, the device activates a built-in ion pump, in which an electrical field is used to push a small amount of the neurotransmitter across the ion reaction membrane and into adjacent brain tissue. So it stops unwanted neural activity.

In tests carried out on muscles suffering from epilepsy, the implant has been shown to be effective in preventing seizures. Also, each time the implant was activated, it needed to distribute less than 1 percent of the neurotransmitter payload, which means that the drug consumption is small and there will be no need to change the implant often. The distributed neurotransmitter was harmlessly absorbed by the brain through natural processes within a couple of minutes, reducing the potential for side effects.

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