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Robot grower

17.03.2015

Despite the highest level of agricultural development in Western and Southern Europe, capable of feeding almost the whole world, few people want to work on the land. The average age of farmers is growing, and in order to attract young people, you have to go to tricks. For example, to equip the farm with all sorts of smart gizmos. That is why the international team of the "VineRobot" project, led by engineers from the Polytechnic Institute of Valencia, decided to create an electronic assistant to the winegrower.

This assistant will not reap the harvest, depriving the work of the laborers who come to the European fields from different countries to suffer. He will constantly run in the rows between the vines and check the condition of the plants. The farmer will receive all the data on his central computer and will be able to water in time, treat with pesticides, and then harvest on the most suitable day for this. The electronic assistant will not pinch off the grapes "for testing" - it is assumed that he will determine the ripeness of the berries without touching them at all.

During the first year of work, we managed to come up with some sensors and assemble a mobile platform capable of independently moving along narrow rows located on slopes, overcoming weed thickets. Installation of a stereo camera, side vision cameras and sensors is planned for 2015, as well as working out techniques for safe movement of the robot for others - its size is not small.

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laser catapult 27.10.2015

If the nanoparticle is under the action of a laser pulse, the ions and electrons contained in it will begin to oscillate strongly and an induced electromagnetic field will appear around the particle - the so-called near field. It was studied by a group of German physicists from Rostock, Berlin and Munich.

They irradiated a silicon dioxide nanoparticle with a laser with a light pulse duration of four femtoseconds. The nanoparticle diameter varied from 50 to 500 nm. As it turned out, the larger it is, the stronger the field around it, and this leads to interesting consequences. Thus, an electron located on the surface can accelerate, fly away quite far from the particle, return to it again, hit, and fly away like a ping-pong ball.

"The energy of the electrons and the direction of their movement is strictly related to the geometry of the near field, and it can be controlled by a laser," says Professor Thomas Fennel from the University of Rostock, who built a mathematical model of the phenomenon. In this way, it is possible to obtain a narrow directed beam of fast electrons, and, in the future, ions as well. In the second case, you need to create a composite: add ions of some other element to the silicon dioxide lattice. By slowing down the electron beam, it is possible to create an X-ray beam for accurate fluoroscopy, and the ion flow is useful for irradiating cancerous tumors.

In addition, knocked-out particles can be used to treat the surface of materials, creating the smallest reliefs on them far beyond the limit set by the laws of diffraction. Among the fantastic proposals is the use of laser-beaten electron beams to create computing systems. Their speed will be determined by the duration of the laser pulse, that is, femtoseconds - a hundred thousand times faster than the current ones.

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