The innovative battery will last for decades. Free Technical Library News

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Innovative battery will last for decades

12.05.2014

Scientists from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) at the US Department of Energy were able to increase by 26% the capacity of a battery consisting of three main elements - anode, cathode and electrolyte. When used in electrical appliances with low energy consumption, such a battery can last 30-50 years.

The created battery belongs to the type "lithium carbon monofluoride" (Lithium Carbon Monofluoride, Li/CFx). Such batteries are often used in the military and aerospace industries, pacemakers and various electronics.

A team of researchers led by Chengdu Liang believes that the new invention will significantly extend the battery life of various low-power sensors. Scientists say that such devices can work autonomously for decades.

In practice, this means that it will be possible to implant, for example, a pacemaker for 30-50 years. To date, such devices serve for 10 years, after which the patient has to undergo another operation in order to replace the pacemaker with a dead battery.

The idea of development is to use the principle of electrolyte dual purpose. For many years it was believed that the role of electrolyte in a battery is only one - the transfer of ions from electrode to electrode. However, researchers from ORNL were able to prove that the electrolyte may have another function - working in tandem with the cathode in order to provide improved battery properties.

According to Chengdu Liang, thanks to the emergence of a dual-purpose electrolyte, today it is possible to design batteries with electrical density that was previously inaccessible.

The scientists used a solid electrolyte of lithium thiophosphate as the ion transport medium. "As the battery we developed develops, a lithium fluoride salt is produced. Thanks to it, the electrochemical activity of the electrolyte increases. The electrolyte connected to the cathode turns from an inactive capacitive battery cell into an active one," explains Chendu Liang.

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