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Reliable nuclear battery

19.01.2014

Post-graduate student of Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU) Dmitry Prokopiev has developed a nuclear battery that can work stably and without recharging for about 12 years and be used in medicine, military equipment and space.

"A 3D gallium arsenide detector is placed in a sealed case filled with tritium, which converts the energy of beta particles emitted by tritium into electric current. A huge number of wells are created in the detector. The total surface of the wells is hundreds of times greater than the area of the detector, and due to this a nuclear battery can be effective," Prokopyev told reporters.

The graduate student noted that nuclear batteries of this type are known, where a silicon detector is used. "But the silicon detector degrades (loses its properties under the influence of radiation) during its use (silicon is not a radiation-resistant material)," the young scientist explained.

Prokopiev added that the power of his battery is much less than conventional batteries, but it can work without recharging for 12 years - this is the half-life of tritium. During this time, a battery with a gallium arsenide detector will retain its parameters, while the parameters of a battery with silicon detectors begin to deteriorate as early as three years after the start of work, the author of the development explained.

Prototypes of detectors, which are the basis of this battery, have been successfully tested at the Novosibirsk Institute of Nuclear Physics named after Budker, and at the Siberian Institute of Physics and Technology of Tomsk State University.

Prokopiev noted that such a battery can be used in various electronic devices that consume a small current, but are forced to work without replacing power sources for a decade, for example, in pacemakers.

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