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Super sensitive e-skin

17.05.2013

American physicists have created an electronic "skin" that is not inferior in strength and flexibility to its biological counterpart and has an ultra-high sensitivity to touch and vibration, which allows it to be used as a pulse sensor or the basis for tactile sensors of robots.

Over the past five years, scientists have been continuously working on the creation of a material that mimics human skin in its properties. In some cases, they have achieved significant success. So, in November 2012, a group of physicists led by Zhenan Bao (Zhenan Bao) from Stanford University created a super-flexible material that can act as the basis for synthetic skin.

In the new work, Bao and her colleagues improved the "skin", increasing its sensitivity to touch and vibration by several hundred times. To do this, scientists embedded flexible transistors into the skin from pieces of semi-conducting silicon-organic polymers connected to each other by microscopic gold electrodes. The special "braided" design allows them to withstand repeated stretching and bending without damage.

These transistors have the curious property that their electrical conductivity changes when pressure is applied. Experimenting with pieces of electronic skin, the authors of the article selected such voltage and current parameters at which the device responded to even the slightest changes in pressure.

The scientists used their invention to create a highly sensitive heart rate sensor that is no thicker than a medical patch. According to physicists, their invention has a record for today's sensitivity. It is about 150 times more responsive to touch than other polymer sensors, and 20 times superior to the "champion" in this area - conductive rubber. This makes it possible to use this material for the manufacture of medical microsensors and "skin" for pressure sensors on the limbs of robots.

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