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Underground passages of old Europe

28.04.2012

The soil of Europe, from Hungary to Spain, is riddled with underground tunnels and adits of unknown purpose. Only in Bavaria (Germany) there are about 700 of them, in Austria - 500 and it is believed that 90% have not yet been discovered. There are many of them in Scotland and Ireland.

Often such a tunnel is only 20-50 meters long, the longest in Germany is 125 meters. They go down to a depth of 10 meters. On some you can go to your full height, on others - only by crouching, and there are also passages with a diameter of less than half a meter. They are found both under ancient cities and villages, and among untouched forests, where there has never been human habitation.

There are passages stretching under the cemeteries. There are those starting in the kitchens of old houses of medieval construction. But, although locals often consider tunnels as a means of rescuing the owners of castles during a siege, this is doubtful: the passages end in a dead end. A dead end may be a small cave with several niches in the wall, supposedly intended for sitting. In the walls of the passages there are smaller niches, where, apparently, the tunnellers, who worked with a pick, put a candle or an oil lamp. In some places in the catacombs, the remains of wooden doors with bolts were found. They, as well as coals found in some catacombs (apparently from torches) date back to the XNUMXth-XNUMXth centuries. None of the written sources of those times mention such structures.

The purpose of the tunnels remains mysterious. These could be places of detention of criminals. Or pre-prepared shelters from wars that shook the continent, or from roving gangs of robbers (but for this they are already very uncomfortable and lack an emergency exit). Or they are places for solitary religious meditation. And it is possible that the last adherents of the Druid religion, supplanted by Christianity, were hiding underground.

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