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Bilingualism improves brain health and mental health

12.10.2023

Scientists from the Jülich Research Center in Germany shared new discoveries about the benefits of bilingualism for the brain.

There are many compelling arguments that being bilingual can help you maintain mental health throughout your life. Modern research supports this hypothesis, indicating that bilingualism at an early age significantly improves brain function, which continues into old age.

In a study of 224 monolingual and 175 bilingual volunteers, researchers used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure the volume of gray matter in the posterior inferior left frontal lobe and the inferior left parietal lobe. These brain regions are responsible for language comprehension and production, and their functional and anatomical connections are closely interconnected.

"Over time, as the new language becomes more stable, the excess gray matter is converted into denser connections and better connections in the white matter. This may explain why bilingual people maintain mental health throughout their lives," the scientists noted.

The next step for researchers will be to study the relationship between learning a third language and mental performance in old age. For many, this can be an effective and simple way to build additional cognitive reserve.

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Nut lovers live longer 27.11.2013

The first major study on the health benefits of nuts found that people who ate a handful of nuts daily were 20% less likely to die than those who did not. This conclusion was made by scientists from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham Young University and the Harvard School of Public Health. The results of the research contain other good news: regular consumption of nuts helps to maintain harmony. Nut lovers should not be afraid of being overweight now.

The most obvious benefit of nuts is a 29% reduction in deaths from cardiovascular disease. Scientists also noted a significant reduction - by 11% - in the risk of death from cancer. True, while scientists have not identified a specific type of nut, which is crucial for protecting the body. However, positive effects have been noted with both peanuts and other types of nuts such as walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, pecans, pistachios, macadamia and pine nuts.

Some previous research has found a link between increased nut consumption and reduced risk of conditions such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, colon cancer, and gallstones. Frequent nut consumption has also been linked to lower cholesterol levels, reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, obesity, and insulin resistance. There are studies that show that adding nuts to the diet reduces overall mortality in certain populations. But none of the previous studies have examined in detail the various amounts of nuts and their impact on overall mortality in a large population for more than 30 years.

For the new study, the researchers used databases from two well-known ongoing observational studies that collect data on diet and other lifestyle factors and their health implications. Data are provided for 76 women between 464 and 1980 and data for 2010 men from 42 to 498. Participants in the studies completed questionnaires about food consumed every two to four years. In each questionnaire, participants were asked to rate how often they consumed nuts and indicate the serving size (a typical small packet of peanuts contains approximately 1986 g).

To exclude other factors affecting mortality and health status, scientists conducted a complex analysis. For example, researchers have found that people who eat more nuts are leaner, smoke less, and are more likely to exercise, take vitamins, eat more fruits and vegetables, but drink more alcohol. The analysis made it possible to highlight the relationship between nuts and mortality, regardless of these factors.

People who eat nuts in their diet will be less likely to experience health problems in the next 30 years. Those who eat nuts less than once a week reduce their chance of death by 7%. Eating nuts once a week reduces mortality by 11%; two to four times a week - by 13%; five to six times a week - by 15%, and seven or more times a week - by 20%.

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