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Electromechanical bandage

28.01.2022

Scientists from the China University of Electronic Science and Technology and Wuhan University have presented a dressing that affects the wound by mechanical force and electric shock, changing its microenvironment in such a way as to promote healing.

The dressing consists of four layers. The lower one is an antibacterial PTFE polymer material that generates an electrostatic field on contact with a wound that penetrates up to 10 millimeters deep and kills bacteria (at least E. coli) with over 99,9 percent efficiency. It is coated with a layer of soft Ecoflex silicone for flexibility. Then there is a layer of shape memory alloy metamaterial, designed to contract when heated by the skin and mechanically connect the edges of the wound and direct the electric field. Finally, the fourth is another layer of silicone material. Despite the layering, the dressing turned out to be very thin - the entire "sandwich" does not exceed 0 millimeters in thickness. Scientists have developed two versions of the product - for long and round wounds - which differed mainly in the shape of the electrostatic layer.

The effectiveness of the bandage was tested on seven laboratory rats, which were tried to treat cuts (1 centimeter long) and round deep gouges (0,8 centimeters in diameter). The subjects were divided into four groups: the first group was treated with the four-layer bandage described above, the second group was treated with a bandage based only on a shape memory alloy, the third group was treated with a bandage based only on an electrostatic material, and the control fourth was not applied. The bandage was removed every two days and the wound healing process was recorded.

Due to the flexibility of the bandages did not interfere with the normal mobility of the animals. On the second day after the injury, in a four-layer dressing-treated animal, the cut edges tightened, the wound became covered with a small scab and appeared to be going through the stages of inflammation and tissue formation. On the fourth day, the wound began to shorten, completely closed, and on the sixth day it was almost invisible. On the other hand, in rats with two dressings on the second day, the scab only began to form, by the fourth day it slowly developed, and only on the sixth day the wound passed into the stage of inflammation and the formation of new tissues. The results indicate that the dressing is effective and its action is due primarily to the combined effect of both active materials.

The mechanical effect stimulates the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), while the electrical effect stimulates the production of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and epidermal growth factor (EGF).

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