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A transistor that can be dissolved by sound and water

04.05.2021

Most of the old electronics end up in landfill, not for recycling. Partly because it's hard to separate and retrieve the valuable materials that make it up. To solve this problem, engineers from the American Duke University have developed the world's first fully recyclable printed electronics, which are decomposed into their constituent parts using a bath of water and sound waves.

Printed electronics are made using conductive inks to create thin and flexible electronic circuits. Recently, nanocellulose has been used as an experimental material. Nanocellulose is a biodegradable material that has been used in packaging for years. And although people have long known about the possibilities of its use as an insulator in electronics, no one has thought of using it in printing ink."

Experts have found a way to combine nanocellulose with ink by reducing it to a crystalline form and adding a little salt. These dielectric inks are then mixed with conductive ones made from graphene and semi-conductive ones made from carbon nanotubes. The result is carbon transistors that can be spray-printed onto a paper substrate at room temperature.

Tests have shown the capabilities of the transistor on the example of a paper sensor of lactic acid salts. It demonstrated rather high efficiency and remained stable for more than half a year.

The process of recycling a transistor begins with immersing the device in turn in baths of water and gentle exposure to sound waves. After processing the resulting solution in a centrifuge, almost 100% of graphene and carbon nanotubes are separated, which can then be used again in the printing process. And nanocellulose is sent for processing along with the paper backing.

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Vitamin D3 supports the heart 14.04.2016

Scientists from the University of Leeds in the UK have shown that taking vitamin D3 regularly helps people with heart failure maintain heart function.

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Changes in the work of the heart were measured using ultrasound of the heart (echocardiogram). The method allows you to determine how much blood the heart pumps out with each beat - this indicator is called the cardiac output fraction. In a healthy person, this figure is 60-70%. In patients with heart failure, it is significantly lower, the average in study participants, for example, was 26%.

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