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Reduced pressure for superconductivity at room temperature

29.03.2021

A team of researchers from the University of Rochester, the State University of New York at Buffalo and the University of Nevada at Las Vegas reduced the pressure required for a material to become superconductive at room temperature.

Scientists have been trying for many years to create materials with superconductivity at room temperature. Such a material will create colder electronics and dramatically increase the efficiency of the power grid. Only at the end of last year, the first such material was created - a hydrogen-rich compound, which, when compressed to 267 GPa, became superconducting. And while this feat was a step in the right direction, the need for high pressure made the material impractical for everyday use. In the new work, the same team found a way to drastically reduce the required pressure by changing the previous method - they combined hydrogen with yttrium instead of carbon and sulfur.

Previous research has shown that materials with a high hydrogen content are well suited for creating superconducting materials at higher temperatures, which is why they chose it for their experiments.

The work used two diamond anvils to create pressure. They were placed slightly apart, and between them was gaseous hydrogen and a sample of yttrium in the solid state. The materials were separated by a sheet of palladium, which the team added to prevent yttrium from oxidizing - it also served as a catalyst, helping move hydrogen atoms into yttrium.

Testing of the resulting material showed that it has superconductivity at 182 GPa - much lower than last year, but still too high for practical use. However, scientists suggest that they are moving in the right direction. They will continue to review their technique to learn more about its potential - and, of course, to find out if it can be used to create a superconducting material at room temperature.

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