The superposition of the electronic state changed the properties of bremsstrahlung. Free Technical Library News

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The superposition of an electronic state changed the properties of bremsstrahlung

28.03.2021

Physicists considered the influence of quantum interference on the spectral and spatial properties of bremsstrahlung during electron scattering by atoms and nano-undulators. Their calculations showed that giving the states of incident electrons a superposition shape can affect the directivity and monochromaticity of bremsstrahlung.

Quantum electrodynamics (QED) is the most successful and precise branch of quantum field theory. It describes the electromagnetic interaction in all its manifestations and processes, the participants of which are mainly electrons, positrons and photons.

Most QED effects find their confirmation in particle scattering experiments, be it atomic spectroscopy or elastic collisions. In this case, it is customary to describe the initial and final particles as states with a certain momentum, because, according to quantum mechanics, a particle that flies for a sufficiently long time without interaction (for example, in a spectrograph tube or in an accelerator) eventually tends to such a state. This is reflected in the fact that states with a certain momentum underlie the calculations carried out in QED.

At the same time, quantum mechanics admits states of superposition in which the momentum of a particle can be indeterminate. One might expect that the superposition of the states of the initial particles would lead to the superposition of the states of the final particles and to the corresponding effects of quantum interference, but this has never been observed in the experiment. The reason for this is that the interference terms in the scattering cross section vanish due to the laws of conservation of energy and momentum.

Physicists from Israel, Singapore and the USA, with the participation of Thomas Christensen, have shown that it is possible to find such a range of superposition states in which the interference terms remain non-zero due to the same energy and momentum balance, and this will affect the result of the entire QED process. To test their guesses with the help of calculations, they considered the bremsstrahlung process during electron scattering on a neutral carbon atom and on a nano-undulator.

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