Mouse valcoder. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Nodes of amateur radio equipment
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I have seen many descriptions of optocoupler walkcoders. Their design is simple: a disk divided into sectors and two optocouplers, shifted so that the signal at their outputs is shifted by 90 degrees.
The signal from the photodiodes is amplified by operational amplifiers (usually) and fed into the logic device.
The logic for determining the direction of rotation of the knob is simple, it is enough when the logical "1" changes to the logical "0" at the output of optocoupler 1, monitor the signal level at optocoupler 2. If there is "1" - the knob is turned clockwise (step up), if there " 0" - the handle is turned counterclockwise (step down).
The complexity of manufacturing lies in the large number of turning and milling operations, the manufacture of a disk with more than 20 sectors, and in adjusting the position of the optocouplers. Many take the optical mechanism from computer "mice". In this case, the only difficulty is to disassemble the mouse, mark the pinout of the diodes and mount the mechanics in your device.
The number of steps in my copy was 34, which will give 25 kHz per revolution at 850 kHz steps, or 425 kHz at 12,5 kHz steps. It also turned out that the levels from the "mouse" photodiodes are enough to switch CMOS logic elements without amplifiers to the op-amp.
Mice come with conventional photodiodes and dual ones. Dual photodiodes have a common anode and are not suitable for our purpose (although you can pervert).
In this form, the encoder can be used to control any device. In my case, I did not want to complicate the program and put a small decoder on 561LA7 (which was invented by Igor, RA9UWD, over a bottle of beer):
We apply pulses from optocouplers to the input, at the output: when the knob is rotated, a sequence of pulses is present on one of the outputs, and a logical "1" is on the other output. Turning the knob to the other side will swap the outputs. In this form, the valcoder can control sequentially connected counters on 155IE6 (IE7) or my "beacon" control unit. The outputs of the encoder are connected in place (or together) of the "up" and "down" buttons. Diodes remain as in the original version.
Authors: RW9UAO, Sergey, Yaya, RA9UWD, Igor, Yaya; Publication: N. Bolshakov, rf.atnn.ru
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