Capacitors with an organic dielectric. Reference data

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Reference materials

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Capacitors with an organic film dielectric have very high and stable electrical characteristics with relatively small dimensions. These capacitors are indispensable in cases where such parameters as low charge absorption, exceptionally high time constant, low losses over a wide frequency range are decisive.

Organic dielectrics are also used for the manufacture of specialized capacitors - energy-intensive pulsed ones, as well as those designed for increased reactive power when operating at low and high frequency alternating voltage.

Among capacitors with an organic dielectric, three most popular classes can be distinguished. These are, firstly, K73 (K74) with a film of polar dielectric - polyethylene terephthalate; secondly, K78 with a film of high-frequency non-polar dielectric - polypropylene and. finally. K75 - with combined insulation, capacitor paper plus film.

Below are the characteristics of general purpose capacitors of the indicated classes

К73-11

Metal film capacitors K73-11 are designed to operate in DC, AC, pulsating and pulsed current circuits. Insulated with adhesive tape: the ends are filled with epoxy compound. Conclusions - wire rigid tinned, with a diameter of 0,6-1 mm, depending on the dimensions and weight of the capacitor. The appearance is shown in fig. 1.

Climatic version - UHL (relative humidity 98% at a temperature of 25 "C). Can be used instead of capacitors K73-16. MBM. MBGC. MBGO, K42-U2.

• Rated capacity. uF ...... 0,001-22
• Rated voltage. V. at a temperature within -60 ... + 85 ° С
• 63; 100; 160; 250; 400; 630; 1000; 1600
• Permissible deviation of the capacity from the nominal value,%......±5;±10:±20
• Loss tangent, no more, at a frequency of 1 kHz......0.012
• Insulation resistance. GOM. not less than, capacitors with a rated capacity of not more than 0.33 μF for a rated voltage of 63 V. 100 V ...... 12
• 160 V and more......30
• Time constant. MOhm µF. not less than, capacitors with a rated capacity of more than 0.33 μF for a rated voltage of 63 V. 100 V ...... 4000
• 160 V and more......10 000
• Operating temperature range, °С. for capacitors with a nominal capacity of 2,7 μF or more for a rated voltage of 250 V......-60...+85
• the rest......-60...+125
• Minimum time to failure, h, at operating temperature up to +125°С......10 000
• up to +70°С......15 000
• Shelf life, years ...... 10

The range of manufactured capacitors K73-11 is presented in Table. one.

If the capacitor will operate at a temperature of more than +85°C, the voltage on it must be reduced in accordance with the graph in fig. 2.

The permissible amplitude of the alternating sinusoidal (or sinusoidal component of the pulsating) voltage U. depending on the frequency (calculated from the nomogram shown in Fig. 3. An example of determining a specific voltage value U. is shown on the nomogram with dashed lines and arrows.

In table. 2 summarizes the maximum permissible values ​​​​of the amplitude of the pulsed current and the rate of change of voltage for capacitors with different capacitance and rated voltage.

K73-14M

Foil capacitors K73-14M are designed for operation in DC, AC and pulsating current circuits. Insulated with adhesive tape; Highlanders are washed down with epoxy compound. Conclusions - hard tinned wire, located out of alignment (Fig. 4).

The diameter of the terminals is from 0,6 to 0,8 mm, depending on the dimensions and weight of the capacitor. Weight - from 4 to 75 g. Climatic version - UHL (see K73-11).

• Rated capacitance, uF ...... 0.00047- 0.1
• Rated voltage, kV. at a temperature within -60 ... + 70 ° С ...... 4; 10; 16; 25
• Permissible deviation of the capacitance from the nominal value,%, for capacitors for a rated voltage of 4kV ...... ± 5; ±10; ±20
• 10,16 and 25 kV......±10; ±20
• Loss tangent, no more, at a frequency of 1 kHz......0.008
• Insulation resistance, GΩ. not less than ...... 100
• Operating temperature range, °'С......-60...+85
• Time to failure, h ...... 5000
• Shelf life, years ...... 12

The range of manufactured capacitors K73-14M is presented in Table. 3.

If the capacitors operate at a temperature of more than 70 "C, the voltage on them must be reduced in accordance with the graph in Fig. 5.

The dependence of the permissible amplitude of the sinusoidal (or sinusoidal component of the pulsating) voltage Ut on the frequency f is shown in fig. 6.

K73-15M

Foil capacitors K73-15M are designed for operation in DC, AC and pulsating current circuits. Insulated with adhesive tape; the ends are filled with epoxy compound. Conclusions - wire rigid tinned 25...30 mm long; otherwise, the appearance corresponds to Fig. 1. Diameter of terminals - from 0.6 to 1 mm, depending on the dimensions and weight of the capacitors. Climatic version - UHL (see K73-11).

• Rated capacity. uF ...... 0,00047- 0,47
• Rated voltage, V at temperature within -60...+85°С......100; 160; 250, 400; 630
• Permissible deviation of the capacity from the nominal value, %......±5; ±10: ±20
• Loss tangent, no more, at a frequency of 1 kHz......0.01
• Insulation resistance, GΩ, not less, for capacitors with a nominal capacity of 0,33 μF and more ...... 30
• Time constant, MΩ µF, not less, for capacitors with a nominal capacity of more than 0.33 µF ...... 10 000
• Operating temperature range. °С......-60...+85
• Time to failure, h, not less......10 000
• Shelf life, years ...... 10

The range of manufactured capacitors K73-15M is presented in Table. 4.

The dependence of the relative allowable voltage Ut of capacitors K73-15M on the ambient temperature is shown in fig. 7.

The dependence of the relative permissible amplitude of the sinusoidal (or sinusoidal component of the pulsating) voltage Uf on the frequency f is shown in fig. 8.

К73-17

Metallic capacitors K73-17 are designed for operation in DC, AC, pulsating and pulsed current circuits. Isolated by plastic pupation. Conclusions are wire rigid tinned. The appearance is shown in fig. 9.

Climatic version - UHL (see K73-11).

• Rated capacitance, uF. 0,01 - 4,7 Rated voltage, V, at temperature within -60...+85'С......63; 160; 250; 400; 630.
• Permissible deviation of capacitance from the nominal value. %......±5; ±10; ±20
• Loss tangent, no more, at a frequency of 1 kHz......0.008
• Insulation resistance, GΩ. not less, for capacitors with a rated capacity of 0.33 μF or less per rated voltage
• 63 V......12
• 160 V and more......30
• Time constant. MOhm uF. not less, for capacitors with a rated capacity of more than 0,33 μF per rated voltage
• 63 V......4000
• 160 V and more......10 000
• Operating temperature range.°С......-60...+ 125
• Time to failure, h, not less......10 000
• Shelf life, years ...... 12

The operating voltage at a temperature of 125°C is half the nominal voltage.

The range of manufactured capacitors K73-17 is presented in Table. one.

In table. 6 summarizes the values ​​of the maximum permissible amplitude of the pulsed current and the rate of change of voltage.

The dependence of the relative allowable voltage UT on the ambient temperature is shown in fig. 2. The dependence of the relative permissible amplitude of the sinusoidal (or sinusoidal component of the pulsating) voltage Uf on the frequency f is shown in fig. 10.

The segments of the curves on this graph correspond to the following values ​​of the capacitance of the capacitors for the specified nominal voltage: 1 - 0,068-0,47 μF; 2 - 0,15-1 uF; 3 - 0,33-2,2 uF; 4 - 1,6-4,7 uF; 5 - 0.22-0,1 uF; 6 - 0,01-0.047 uF; 7 - 0,047-0.22 uF; 8 - 0.18-1 uF.

K73-17M

Miniature metal-film capacitors K73-17M are designed for operation in DC, AC, pulsating and pulsed current circuits. Isolated by plastic pupation. Conclusions - wire rigid tinned 16...20 mm long; otherwise, they do not differ in appearance from K73-17 (Fig. 9). Climatic version - UHL (see K73-11).

• Rated capacitance, pF ..... 0,022 - 0,47
• Rated voltage, V. at a temperature within -60 ... + 85 ° С ...... 400
• Permissible deviation of the capacity from the nominal value,%......±5;±10; ±20
• Loss tangent, no more, at a frequency of 1 kHz......0,008
• Insulation resistance, GΩ, not less......30
• Operating temperature range, °С......-60...+125
• Time to failure, h, not less......15 000
• Shelf life, years ...... 12

The range of manufactured capacitors K73-17M is presented in Table. 7.

The values ​​​​of the maximum permissible amplitude of the pulsed current and the rate of change of voltage are presented in Table. 8.

The dependence of the relative allowable voltage UT on the ambient temperature is shown in fig. 2, and the dependence of the relative allowable amplitude of the sinusoidal (or sinusoidal component of the pulsating) voltage Uf on the frequency f - in fig. eleven.

K73-21G

Metal-spread capacitors K73-21g are designed to operate in radio interference suppression units in the frequency range of 0,15 ... 100 MHz. Insulated with adhesive tape; the ends are filled with epoxy compound. Conclusions - wire rigid tinned. The appearance is shown in fig. 12.

Weight - no more than 30 g. Climatic version - UHL (see K73-11).

• Rated capacitance, uF......1
• Rated voltage, V, at temperature within -60...+85°С......500
• Variable voltage, Veff. at a temperature within -60...+85°С......250
• Rated current through terminals 1-1, A......4
• Permissible deviation of capacitance from the nominal value. %......±20
• Attenuation introduced by the capacitor, dB, not less, at a frequency of 2,5 ± 0,2 MHz ...... 65
• Loss tangent, no more, at a frequency of 1 kHz......0.012
• Time constant. MOhm uF. not less than ...... 10 000
• Operating temperature range, °С......-60...+100
• Time to failure, h, not less......10 000
• Shelf life, years ...... 12

At the request of the customer, capacitors with a different nominal capacity can be manufactured.

K73-24v

Metal film capacitors K73-24V are designed for operation in DC, AC, pulsating and pulsed current circuits. Isolated by plastic pupation. Conclusions - wire rigid tinned 20...25 mm long; otherwise, they do not differ in appearance from K73-17 (Fig. 9). The diameter of the terminals is from 0.6 to 0.8 mm, depending on the dimensions and weight of the capacitor. Climatic version - UHL (see K73-11). Can be used instead of capacitors K73-17. K73-30. K73-34. K73-5.

• Rated capacitance, uF ...... 0,01-6,8
• Rated voltage, V, at temperature within -6O...+85°C.....63; 100; 160; 250; 400; 630
• Permissible deviation of capacitance from the nominal value. %......±5; ±10; ±20
• Loss tangent, no more, at a frequency of 1 kHz......0.012
• Insulation resistance, GΩ, not less, for capacitors with a nominal capacity of 0,33 μF and less ...... 3
• Time constant, MΩ µF, not less, for capacitors with a nominal capacity of more than 0.33 µF......1000
• Operating temperature range. °С......-60...+125
• Time between failures, hours not less......15 000
• Shelf life, years ...... 10

The range of manufactured capacitors K73-24v is presented in Table. 9.

The values ​​​​of the maximum permissible amplitude of the pulsed current and the rate of voltage change are summarized in Table. 10.

On fig. 13 shows the dependence of the allowable voltage of capacitors on the ambient temperature, and in fig. 14 - dependence of the relative permissible amplitude of the sinusoidal (or sinusoidal component of the pulsating) voltage Uf, on the frequency f.

К74-7

Foil capacitors K74-7 are designed for operation in DC, AC and pulsating current circuits. Insulated with adhesive tape; the ends are filled with epoxy compound. Axial body length - 25...30 mm. Conclusions - rigid tinned wire with a diameter of 0,6 mm, length 25 ... 28 mm, located out of alignment (Fig. 4). Climatic version UHL (see K73-11).

• Rated capacity. pF .... 150; 390
• Rated voltage, kV......16
• Permissible deviation of capacity from the nominal value, %......±20
• Permissible amplitude of alternating voltage, V, no more, at a frequency of no more than 1 kHz......500
• Loss tangent, no more, at a frequency of 1 kHz......0,08
• Insulation resistance, GΩ. not less than ...... 1000
• Operating temperature range, °С......-60...+70
• Time to failure, h, not less ...... 5000
• Shelf life, years ...... 12
• The diameter of the case of a capacitor with a capacity of 150 pF is 10 mm, the mass is 3,5 g, and with a capacity of 390 pF it is 13 mm. 5.5 g respectively.

К73-31

Metal film capacitors K73-31 are designed for operation in DC, AC, pulsating and pulsed current circuits. Designed for surface mounting on a printed circuit board. They are produced in two constructive versions - pressed and unprotected. Case - rectangular; conclusions - lamellar tinned, pressed to the case (Fig. 15). pin width - 4 and 5 mm. Climatic version - UHL (see K73-11).

• Rated capacitance, uF ...... 0,001 - 0.22
• Rated voltage, V, at temperature within -60...+85°С......100; 250; 400; 630;
• Permissible deviation of the capacity from the nominal value, %......±5; ±10; ±20
• Loss tangent, no more, at a frequency of 1 kHz......0.012
• Insulation resistance, GΩ. not less than ...... 3
• Operating temperature range, °С......-60...+100
• Time to failure, h, not less......15 000
• Shelf life, years ...... 12

The range of manufactured capacitors K73-31 is presented in Table. one.

The values ​​​​of the maximum permissible amplitude of the pulsed current and the rate of voltage change are summarized in Table. 12.

On fig. 16 shows the dependence of the allowable voltage of capacitors on the ambient temperature, and in fig. 17 - dependence of the relative amplitude of the sinusoidal (or sinusoidal component of the pulsating) voltage Uf on the frequency f.

К73-39

Metal film capacitors K73-39 are designed for operation in DC, AC, pulsating and pulsed current circuits. Isolated by plastic pupation. They do not differ in shape from K73-17 (see Fig. 9); the leads have a diameter of 0,6±0,1 mm. High-performance technology has been developed for the manufacture of these capacitors. Climatic version - UHL (see K73-11).

Capacitors K73-39 can be used instead of metal-film K73-17, K73-30. K73-34, as well as ceramic KM-Zb-KM-66, K10-176, K10-47a groups NZ0, N50, N90 with a significant superiority in capacitance stability Nominal capacitance, μF .. 0,00047 - 1.5

• Rated voltage, V, at temperature within -60...+85°С......63; 100; 250; 400; 630;
• Permissible deviation of capacitance from the nominal value. %......±5; ±10; ±20
• Loss tangent, no more, at a frequency of 1 kHz......0,012
• Insulation resistance. GOM. not less than, capacitors with a capacity of 0.33 uF or less ...... 3
• Time constant. MOhm uF. not less than, capacitors with a nominal capacity of more than 0,33 μF ..... 1000
• Operating temperature range. °С......-60...+100
• Time between failures, hours not less......15 000
• Shelf life, years ...... 10

The range of manufactured capacitors K73-39 is presented in Table. 13, and the values ​​\u14b\uXNUMXbof the maximum permissible amplitude of the pulsed current and the rate of change of voltage are in table. XNUMX.

(click to enlarge)

The dependence of the allowable voltage of capacitors on the ambient temperature corresponds to fig. 16. The dependence of the permissible relative amplitude of the sinusoidal (or sinusoidal component of the pulsating) voltage U on the frequency f is illustrated in fig. 18.

К73-41

Foil capacitors K73-41 are designed for operation in DC, AC and pulsating current circuits. Isolated by plastic pupation. They do not differ in shape from K73-17 (see Fig. 9): the leads have a diameter of 0,6 mm. Climatic version - UHL (see K73-11). Can be used instead of K73-9.

• Rated capacitance, uF ..... 0,01 - 0,033
• Rated voltage, V ...... 50
• Permissible deviation of the capacity from the nominal value, %......±10; ±20
• Loss tangent, no more, at a frequency of 1 kHz......0.01
• Insulation resistance, GΩ, not less......30
• Operating temperature range, °С......-60...+85
• Time to failure, h, not less......15 000
• Shelf life, years ...... 12

The range of manufactured capacitors K73-41 is represented by four denominations: 0,01 uF with dimensions LxBxH 8,5x5x7,1 mm and weight 0,5 g; 0.022 uF. 8,5x5,6x9mm, 0.5g; 0.027 uF. 8,5x6,3x9mm, 1g and 0.033uF. 8,5x7,1x10mm, 1g

The dependence of the permissible relative amplitude of the sinusoidal (or sinusoidal component of the pulsating) voltage Uf on the frequency f is shown in fig. 19.

The range of manufactured capacitors K78-106 is presented in table. 3. In it, the * sign indicates capacitors that have relatively smaller dimensions, due to which, to ensure the same reliability, they should be supplied with less voltage. This fact is also reflected in the graph-nomogram shown in Fig. 6.

(click to enlarge)

The nomogram allows you to determine what is the maximum amplitude of the alternating sinusoidal (or alternating component of the pulsating) voltage Uf, which can be applied to the capacitor at a particular frequency f.

К78-12

High-frequency film capacitors K78-12 are designed to operate in DC, AC, pulsating and pulsed current circuits. The capacitors are wrapped with adhesive tape, the ends are filled with epoxy compound. By design, the leads are divided into four options (Fig. 7): a - hard wire, tinned; b - in the form of threaded studs; c - in the form of threaded studs with nuts near the body (for capacitors with a capacity of 2,2 microfarads for a rated voltage of 2000 V); g - in the form of flat rigid plates (for capacitors with a diameter of D = 36 mm and more).

• Climatic version - UHL (98% relative humidity at 35 °C for 21 days).
• Rated capacity, uF 0,0047-15
• Rated voltage, V 500; 1000; 1600; 2000
• Permissible deviation of capacity from the nominal value, % ±5;±10;±20
• Dielectric loss tangent, not more, at a frequency of 1 kHz 0,0015
• Insulation resistance, GΩ, not less, capacitors with a capacity of 0,33 μF and less 50
• Time constant, MΩ-uF, not less, capacitors with a capacity of more than 0,33 uF 15
• Temperature coefficient of capacity, °С-1 (5...0)10-4
• Ambient temperature operating range, °С -60...+85

The range of manufactured capacitors K78-12 is presented in Table. one.

On fig. 8 shows the dependence of the permissible amplitude of the alternating or sinusoidal component of the pulsating voltage Uf0 (in relative units; the values ​​of the ratio of the current voltage Uf to the nominal UHOM are plotted on the vertical axis as a percentage).

К78-16

Small-sized high-frequency foil capacitors K78-16 are designed for operation in DC, AC, pulsating and pulsed current circuits. By design - pupated with plastic (see Fig. 1); conclusions - wire, rigid, tinned, with a diameter of 0,5 ± 0,1 mm.

• Climatic version - UHL (see K78-12).
• Rated capacity, uF 0,001-0,1
• Rated voltage, V 100
• Permissible deviation of capacity from the nominal value, % ±5; ±10; ±20
• Dielectric loss tangent, not more, at a frequency of 1 kHz 0,0005
• Insulation resistance, GΩ, not less than 100
• Temperature coefficient of capacity, °С-1 (-5...0)10-4
• Ambient temperature operating range, °С -60...+85

The range of manufactured capacitors K78-16 is presented in Table. one.

Fig. 9 shows the dependence of the permissible amplitude of the alternating or sinusoidal component of the pulsating voltage Uf on the frequency f.

К78-19

Small-sized high-frequency metal-film capacitors K78-19 are designed for operation in DC, AC, pulsating and pulsed current circuits. The capacitors are wrapped with adhesive tape, the ends are filled with epoxy compound; conclusions - wire, rigid, tinned (Fig. 10).

• Climatic version - UHL (see K78-12).
• Rated capacity, uF 0,01-22
• Rated voltage, V, at ambient temperature within -60...+85 °С 200
• Permissible deviation of capacitance from the nominal value,%, for capacitors with a capacity of 0,47 μF and less ±5; ±10; +20
• more than 0,47 uF ±2; ±5; ±10; ±20
• Dielectric loss tangent, not more, at a frequency of 1 kHz 0,0015
• Insulation resistance, GΩ, not less, for capacitors with a capacity of 0,22 μF and less than 50
• Time constant, MΩ-uF, not less, for capacitors with a capacity of more than 0,22 uF 15
• Temperature coefficient of capacity, °С-1 (-5...0)10-4
• Ambient temperature operating range, °С -60..+100

The range of manufactured capacitors K78-19 is presented in Table. one.

On fig. 11 shows the dependence of the allowable voltage UT on the ambient temperature Т0|f.sr, and in fig. 12 - dependence of the permissible amplitude of the alternating or sinusoidal component of the pulsating voltage Uf on the frequency f.

In table. 7 summarizes the values ​​of the maximum permissible amplitude of the pulsed current and the rate of change of voltage.

К78-29

Metal film capacitors K78-29 are designed to operate in AC circuits with a frequency of 50 and 60 Hz as built-in elements inside complex products, including in drive units of three-phase asynchronous electric motors when powered from single-phase networks, in starting devices for fluorescent and other gas-discharge lamps. Wrapped with adhesive tape, the ends are filled with epoxy compound; according to the design of the conclusions, six options are provided (Fig. 14): a - wire, rigid, tinned, multidirectional; b-d - flexible, insulated, tinned, biv - unidirectional, d - multidirectional, option c is equipped with a mounting threaded shank; e and e conclusions - rigid lamellar, tinned, e - unidirectional, e - multidirectional.

View options are designed for case diameters of 25 mm or more. The cross section of the flexible terminals of the capacitors of options b-d for a rated voltage of 250 Veff 0,5 mm2 for a rated capacitance of 20 μF or less and 0,75 mm2 - more than 20 μF, and for a rated voltage of 450 Veff 0,5 mm2 - 12 μF or less and 0,75 mm2 - more than 12 uF.

• Rated capacity, uF 1-100
• Rated alternating voltage, Veff, frequency 50...60 Hz 250; 450
• Rated constant voltage, V 350; 630
• Permissible deviation of capacity from the nominal value, % ±10; ±20
• Dielectric loss tangent, no more, at a frequency of 50 Hz 0,002
• Time constant, MΩ-uF, not less than 15
• Ambient temperature operating range, °С -60... +85
• Climatic version - UHL (see K78-12) Capacitors K78-29 can be used instead of MBGCH, K75-10.

The range of manufactured capacitors K78-29 is presented in Table. one.

К78-37

High-frequency metal-film capacitors K78-37 are designed for operation in DC, AC, pulsating and pulsed current circuits. Wrapped with adhesive tape, the ends are washed with epoxy compound; conclusions - rigid, wire, tinned (see fig. 10).

• Rated capacity, uF 0,001-10
• Rated voltage, V, at ambient temperature -60...+85 °С 250; 400; 630
• Permissible deviation of capacitance from the nominal value,%, for capacitors with a capacitance
• 0,47 uF and less ±5; ±10; ±20
• more than 0,47 uF ±2; ±5; ±10; ±20
• Dielectric loss tangent, not more, at a frequency of 1 kHz 0,0015
• Insulation resistance, GΩ, not less, for capacitors with a capacity of 0,33 μF and less than 50
• Time constant, MΩ-uF, not less, for capacitors with a capacity of more than 0,33 uF 15
• Temperature coefficient of capacity, °С-1 (-5...0)10-4
• Ambient temperature operating range, °С -60...+100

The range of manufactured capacitors K78-37 is presented in Table. one.

The dependence of the allowable voltage UT on the ambient temperature Тav is shown in fig. 11. The dependence of the permissible amplitude of the alternating or sinusoidal component of the pulsating voltage Uf on the frequency f is shown in fig. 15.

In table. 11 summarizes the maximum permissible amplitude of the pulsed current and the rate of change of voltage.

Authors: G. Demidenko, V. Khaetsky, St. Petersburg

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