Wiring. Scope, definitions

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Section 2. Sewerage of electricity

Wiring. Scope, definitions

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE)

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2.1.1. real chapter¹⁾ The Rules apply to electrical wiring of power, lighting and secondary circuits with a voltage of up to 1 kV AC and DC, performed inside buildings and structures, on their outer walls, territories of enterprises, institutions, microdistricts, yards, household plots, at construction sites using insulated installation wires of all sections, as well as unarmored power cables with rubber or plastic insulation in a metal, rubber or plastic sheath with a cross section of phase conductors up to 16 mm2 (for a cross section of more than 16 mm2 - see Ch. 2.3).

Lines performed by bare wires indoors must meet the requirements given in Ch. 2.2, outside buildings - in Ch. 2.4.

Branches from overhead lines to inputs (see 2.1.6 and 2.4.2), performed using insulated or bare wires, must be constructed in compliance with the requirements of Ch. 2.4, and branches performed using wires (cables) on a carrier cable - in accordance with the requirements of this chapter.

Cable lines laid directly in the ground must meet the requirements given in Ch. 2.3.

Additional requirements for electrical wiring are given in Ch. 1.5, 3.4, 5.4, 5.5 and in sec. 7.

1. Agreed with the Gosstroy of the USSR on July 28, 1975; approved by the Glavtekhupravlenie and Gosenergonadzor of the USSR Ministry of Energy on October 20, 1977. Changes were made by the Decisions of the Main Technical Administration and Glavgosenergonadzor of the USSR Ministry of Energy e E-16/79 of October 18, 1979 and e E-2/83 of February 25, 1983.

2.1.2. Electrical wiring is a collection of wires and cables with their associated fixtures, supporting protective structures and parts installed in accordance with these Rules.

2.1.3. Cable, cord, wire-protected and unprotected, special cable and wire - definitions according to GOST.

2.1.4. Wiring is divided into the following types:

1. Open electrical wiring - laid along the surface of walls, ceilings, along trusses and other building elements of buildings and structures, along supports, etc.

With open wiring, the following methods of laying wires and cables are used: directly on the surface of walls, ceilings, etc., on strings, cables, rollers, insulators, in pipes, boxes, flexible metal sleeves, on trays, in electrical skirting boards and platbands, free suspension, etc.

Open wiring can be stationary, mobile and portable.

2. Concealed electrical wiring - laid inside the structural elements of buildings and structures (in walls, floors, foundations, ceilings), as well as along ceilings in floor preparation, directly under a removable floor, etc.

With hidden electrical wiring, the following methods of laying wires and cables are used: in pipes, flexible metal hoses, ducts, closed channels and voids in building structures, in plastered furrows, under plaster, as well as embedding in building structures during their manufacture.

2.1.5. External electrical wiring is electrical wiring laid along the outer walls of buildings and structures, under sheds, etc., as well as between buildings on supports (no more than four spans up to 25 m each) outside streets, roads, etc.

External wiring can be open and hidden.

2.1.6. An input from an overhead power line is an electrical wiring connecting a branch from an overhead line with an internal electrical wiring, counting from insulators installed on the outer surface (wall, roof) of a building or structure, to the clamps. input device.

2.1.7. A string as a supporting element of electrical wiring is a steel wire stretched close to the surface of a wall, ceiling, etc., designed to attach wires, cables or their bundles to it.

2.1.8. A strip as a bearing element of electrical wiring is a metal strip fixed close to the surface of a wall, ceiling, etc., designed to attach wires, cables or their bundles to it.

2.1.9. A cable as a supporting element of electrical wiring is a steel wire or steel rope stretched in the air, designed to suspend wires, cables or their bundles to them.

2.1.10. A box is a closed hollow structure of a rectangular or other section, designed for laying wires and cables in it. The box should serve as protection against mechanical damage to the wires and cables laid in it.

Boxes can be blind or with opening lids, with solid or perforated walls and lids. Blind boxes should only have solid walls on all sides and not have lids.

The boxes can be used indoors and outdoors.

2.1.11. A tray is an open structure designed for laying wires and cables on it.

The tray is not a protection against external mechanical damage to the wires and cables laid on it. Trays must be made of non-combustible materials. They can be solid, perforated or lattice. Trays can be used indoors and outdoors.

2.1.12. An attic space is such a non-production space above the top floor of a building, the ceiling of which is the roof of the building and which has load-bearing structures (roof, trusses, rafters, beams, etc.) made of combustible materials.

Similar rooms and technical floors located directly above the roof, the ceilings and structures of which are made of fireproof materials, are not considered as attic rooms.

See other articles Section Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE).

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