Voltage converter, 12/220 volts 100 watts. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Voltage converter, 12/220 volts 100 watts. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Voltage converters, rectifiers, inverters

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On fig. 4.34 shows a diagram of a voltage converter 12 V DC to 220 V AC.

The proposed version of the converter can be used to power the radio, television receiver and other electronic devices with a power of up to 100 watts. The converter consists of a master oscillator made according to the scheme of a symmetrical multivibrator based on transistors VT1, VT2 and a power amplifier based on transistors VT3...VT8. It works like this. When power is supplied by the SA1 switch, the multivibrator starts generating symmetrical pulses (meander). From the collectors of the multivibrator transistors, the pulses through the chains R5, C3 and R6, C4 are fed to the transistors of the push-pull power amplifier.

(click to enlarge)

When the collector of transistor VT1 has a high voltage level, the collector of transistor VT2 is low. During the half-cycle, transistors VT4, VT6 and VT8 are open - current flows from a 1 V power source through them and the winding of transformer T12. The transistors of the upper arm of the power amplifier are closed. During the second half-cycle, transistors VT3, VT5 and VT7 are open - and the current flows through the corresponding winding. Thus, on the primary winding of the transformer T1, an alternating voltage of a rectangular shape is formed with an amplitude approximately equal to the source voltage. The variable magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit of the transformer induces a voltage in the secondary winding, the amplitude of which depends on the ratio of the turns of the secondary and primary windings. Diodes VD1 and VD2 serve to eliminate negative polarity pulses that occur during the operation of the master oscillator during transients. Diodes VD3 and VD4 protect the transistors of the output stage of the power amplifier from reverse polarity voltages arising due to self-induction.

Transformer T1 is made on a magnetic circuit 11136x36. Each of the halves of the primary winding has 21 turns wound with PEL-2,1 wire, the secondary winding has 600 turns of PEL-0,59 wire. When making a transformer, the secondary winding is laid first, and on top of it is the primary winding, which, for better symmetry, should be carried out simultaneously in two wires. When performing the converter, transistors VT5 and VT7, VT6 and VT8 should be placed in pairs on heat sinks. The heat sinks must be isolated from each other and from the common busbar of the power circuit. To measure the current consumption from a direct current source (it should not exceed 10 A) in the break of the wire going from the midpoint of the primary winding of the transformer T1 to the fuse-link FU1, it is advisable to turn on an ammeter with a total deflection current of 10 A (not shown in the diagram). This will facilitate visual control when working with powerful consumers.

Setting up the converter consists in setting the frequency of the master oscillator with a variable resistor R9. To configure, connect an oscilloscope or frequency meter to the collector of one of the multivibrator transistors and turn on the power to the converter. By adjusting the variable resistor, achieve the frequency of the generated oscillations of 50 Hz. The mounted and adjusted device should be placed in a case, on the front panel of which there are terminals for connecting an external current source (battery) and load, fuse holders, a voltage switch of the master generator, LEDs of the operating status indicators - red (HL2), signaling the connection of an external current source , and green (HL1) - turn on the master oscillator.

During the manufacture of the converter, the following replacements of elements are permissible: 2T6551 - KT601A, 2T7531 - KT801A, 2N3055 - KT819GM, 2D5607 - D226A. LEDs AL307V (green) and AL307B (red) can be used as indicators.

Author: Semyan A.P.

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