Bipolar voltage regulator, 2x15 volts 1 amp. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Bipolar voltage regulator, 2x15 volts 1 amp. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Surge Protectors

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The bipolar voltage regulator, the circuit of which is shown in the figure, provides an output voltage of 2x15 V at a load current of up to 1 A. It has very high parameter values. The output voltage stabilization coefficient is equal to 12000 with a change in the input voltage by ±15%, the output resistance of the stabilizer is about 1 mΩ, the ripple voltage is not more than 50 μV with input ripples of 0,8 V (in amplitude values).

(click to enlarge)

The output voltage can be changed within the limits, which are determined by the type of op amp used and the nominal mode of their power supply.

Both arms of the stabilizer are schematically exactly the same, but differ only in the structure of the transistors used and the polarity of switching on some elements. Each arm contains a reference voltage source, a comparator node, a DC amplifier and a regulating element.

Consider the operation of one of the arms of the stabilizer (for definiteness, the upper one according to the scheme). The current through the zener diode V4 is set by the current stabilizer on the field effect transistor V5. The functions of the comparing node and DC amplifier are performed by OS A1. Exemplary DC sources and amplifiers are powered by output voltage in order to increase stability. From the output of the op-amp, the control voltage is supplied to the base of the transistor T2, which determines the base current of the regulating transistor V1.

The combination of transistors of different structures in the control element makes it possible to obtain a low output impedance of the voltage stabilizer. Resistor R2 limits the base current of transistor V2, and resistor R1 increases the temperature stability of the regulating element.

The zener diode V3 protects the transistor V1 from breakdown and ensures that the stabilizer enters the operating mode when turned on.

Comparison of the exemplary voltage with the stabilized one with the selected power supply circuit of the op-amp and connecting its inverting input to a common wire (through resistor R4) occurs when the voltage at the non-inverting input of the op-amp is close to zero. This makes it possible to regulate the output voltage with a tuning resistor R6 over a wide range. With an input voltage of the shoulder of 22 V, the limits for changing the output are 10 ... 16 V.

The big advantage of the stabilizer is the ability to mount powerful control transistors directly to a common radiator without insulating gaskets. In some cases, it is convenient to use the body of the device to remove heat.

Zener diode V4 (D818E) has a minimum voltage temperature coefficient at a stabilization current of 10 mA, so the drain current of the selected field-effect transistor should be close to the specified value. This requirement is met by KP302A transistors.

The output voltage of the step-down windings of a network transformer (with a power of about 50 W) at a load current of 1 A - 16 V.

The establishment of a voltage stabilizer has no features and, with error-free installation, is reduced to a selection of elements of the correction circuits (C3, R3, C4 in the upper arm according to the scheme) to ensure stable, without the appearance of parasitic self-excitation, the operation of the stabilizer and to setting the output voltage (resistor R6).

Author: Yu.Tagotin

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