High voltage DC voltage stabilizer. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Surge Protectors

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When building high-quality high-voltage voltage stabilizers, for example, to power lamp stages, one has to use special circuits for switching on regulating elements, which complicates the circuitry of such stabilizers.

Meanwhile, there are integrated circuits, using which you can create simple high-voltage compensation-type voltage stabilizers for an output voltage of 70 to 140 V. These are microcircuits of the SE070N, SE080N, SE090N, SE105N, SE110N, SE120N, SE125N, SE130N, SE135N, SE140N types. These microcircuits are designed to control and regulate the DC voltage.

As you might guess, the digital designation in the marking of the microcircuit will correspond to the operating voltage of the microcircuit in volts.

On fig. 1 shows one of the possible options for a linear regulator for an output voltage of 115 V DC. the source of voltage for the stabilizer is a 220 V AC network. In other designs, the voltage source can be, for example, the secondary winding of a power transformer, the output of a voltage converter rectifier. The stabilizer is made on an integrated circuit SE115N, which is a voltage detector for 115 V. The controlled voltage from the output of the stabilizer is fed to the input DA1 - pin 1.

Fig. 1

If the voltage at the output of the stabilizer tends to increase above the operating voltage DA1, then the output npn transistor of the microcircuit opens, the collector of which is connected to pin 2 of DA1. This leads to the fact that the gate-source voltage VT1 decreases, which leads to a decrease in the output voltage of the stabilizer. On a powerful high-voltage field-effect n-channel transistor VT1, a source voltage follower is made.

AC mains voltage is supplied to the bridge diode rectifier VD1 - VD4. Capacitor C1 smooths out the ripple of the rectified voltage. Resistor R1 reduces the inrush current through the rectifier diodes and the discharged capacitor C1 that occurs when the device is connected to the network. Zener diode VD5 protects the field-effect transistor from breakdown by high gate-source voltage.

The glowing HL1 LED indicates the presence of an output voltage, in addition, the R3HL1 circuit discharges oxide capacitors when the load is off.

Resistor R1 must be wire-wound.

Its resistance and power are selected based on the parameters of the load connected to the stabilizer. The remaining resistors are any of C2-33, MLT, RPM of the corresponding power. The resistance of the resistor R2 is selected based on the input voltage of the stabilizer, it should be borne in mind that the maximum inflowing current DA1 at pin 2 should not exceed 20 mA. Capacitors type K50-68 or imported analogues.

If in your design C1 will be, as in the scheme of Fig. 1 is connected to the output of a 50Hz AC bridge rectifier, its capacitance should be selected based on 4uF for every 1W of load. In general, the capacitance of capacitor C2 should be equal to the capacitance of capacitor C1. Rectifier diodes 1N4007 can be replaced, for example, with 1N4006, UF4006, RL105, KD234D. Instead of the BZV55C-12 zener diode, BZV55C-13, 1N4743A, 2S212Ts, KS212Ts are suitable. The LED is suitable for any type of continuous glow, preferably with increased light output. The HV82 MIS FET is rated for a maximum drain current of 6,5 A, a drain-to-source voltage of 800 V, and a maximum power dissipation of 150 W (with heatsink). In this design, it can be replaced, for example, with IRF350, IRF352 or another one that is suitable in terms of parameters for the connected load.

It should be borne in mind that if, for example, a 30 W load is connected to the output of the stabilizer, then when the device is powered from a 220 V network, about 1 W will be dissipated on the transistor VT80. If the input voltage for the stabilizer is, for example, a voltage of +180 V (rectifier output of a "tube" transformer), then with an output voltage of 115 V and a load current of 0,5 A, the transistor installed on the heat sink will dissipate about 33 W of thermal power. This is a lot, therefore, it is advisable to use linear high-voltage voltage stabilizers to power a low-current load, for example, a tube active probe for an oscilloscope and in other places where the use of switching high-voltage voltage regulators is undesirable.

The device can be mounted on a 105x50 mm printed circuit board, a sketch of which is shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 2

The current consumption of the SE115N chip on the pin. 1 about 3 mA. To increase the output voltage of the stabilizer, a zener diode can be included in the output circuit 3 DA1. For example, if you have a SE140N chip "for 140 V", and you need a stabilizer for an output voltage of 180 V, then you need to be in series with the pin. 3 turn on the 1N4755A zener diode or two KS520V zener diodes connected in series. The sum of the currents through the pin will flow through the zener diode. 1 and 2 DA1. In addition to high-voltage integrated circuits SE *** N, there are also low-voltage SE005N, SE012N, SE024N, SE034N, SE040N, which can also be used to manufacture compensating voltage stabilizers. A voltage stabilizer, made according to the same principle as shown in Fig. 1, must have an input DC voltage (on the plates C1) that exceeds the output by at least 8 V.

In the manufacture of the structure assembled according to Fig. 1, keep in mind that all its elements are under mains voltage.

Author: Butov A.L.

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