Water as a source of energy for power plants. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources

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The problems of widespread introduction of heat pumps are known. You can take money for fossil fuels, but not for the Sun. This means that merchants will constantly increase the cost of power plants for the use of environmental energy (for example, solar panels, collectors), while reducing their durability. Traditional science, relying on "snobs" - Old Believers will continue to prohibit the use of free energy.

The only way out of this situation seems to be the full support of such independent researchers as L.P. Fominsky, A.G. Belyavsky and P.D. Upland. I am not afraid to say that such scientists play the role of Copernicus, Bruno and Galileo in Ukrainian science.

Let's try to design an apparatus that will fundamentally and practically exceed all the best solar panels and collectors with its efficiency.

To begin with, let's imagine an ordinary home refrigerator converted into a heat generator (Fig. 1).

Pump H pumps the gas through the throttle D. In the throttle, the internal energy of the gas is transformed into a torsion field, and the gas cools down and passes into a liquid state. According to the Joule-Thomson effect, not all gases can be cooled in this way, but more on that later. The energy spent in the throttle can be returned using the Griggs-Potapov heat generator, but it is better to replace the throttle with an expander [2], and replace the Griggs-Potapov heat generator with a simpler and more reliable one, but more on that later.

So, after the throttle, liquefied gas (freon is used in refrigerators) is heated by the environment (the sun, air, water, soil) until it completely evaporates. Then the working gas enters the pump again, and the cycle repeats. At the same time, heat is absorbed (cooled) by the environment in the "expander - pump" section of the pipe, and heat is released in the "pump - expander" section with a simultaneous increase in its concentration (temperature).

Thus, our heat pump pumps the low-grade thermal energy of the environment into a heated room. If we replace the throttle with an expander and minimize the "expander-pump" section, then instead of an over-unit heat generator we get an over-unit engine (Fig. 2), which is even more dangerous for businessmen.

The work done by this engine is numerically equal to the amount of absorbed thermal energy, and every 860 kcal is transformed into 1 kW / h. The volumes of working gas passing through the expander and the pump are different, as are the volumes of steam and condensate, so additional power is released on the expander, which is numerically equal to the amount of heat absorbed by the device. In the air, the heat-receiving pipe will be covered first with dew and then with snow, so it is better to immediately immerse it in water (a river or a large body of water). This stage of scientific heretics of the level of V.M. Michelson, P.K. Oshchepkova, E.O. Paton has long passed, so we move on ...

According to rumors, the Tuzlov experiment was aimed at creating the world's largest endothermal power plant (Fig. 3) using ammonia NH as a working gas₃. But excessive secrecy, territorial claims to Ukraine and the environmental danger of toxic ammonia frustrated the plans of the experimenters.

If hydrogen is used instead of ammonia for a power plant (Fig. 3), then many problems can be solved. Most importantly, hydrogen is non-toxic. Since hydrogen is the best working fluid (heat capacity 14,27x10³ J / kg-K vs. 2,24x10³ J/kg-K of ammonia), the heat exchangers of an endothermic power plant will be very efficient and compact. In order to convert inevitable torsion losses (as in a refrigerator throttle) into "torsion gains", the pipe must be double. This idea, owned by St. Petersburg scientists, was never implemented.

From the pump, liquid hydrogen enters the inner plugged pipe, from which, as if through a giant throttle, it seeps into the outer pipe connected to the expander. Interestingly, in this case, the release of superunit heat takes place, and not the cooling of the working gas, as in household refrigerators and air conditioners. Let me remind you that the electricity generated by endothermic power plants is eventually transformed into heat and energy of the torsion field in full accordance with the law of conservation of energy.

Large endothermic power plants can be built on large rivers and seas. For Ukraine, these are the Danube rivers (annual flow is 123 km³), Dnipro (53,5 km³), etc., as well as the Black Sea and Azov coasts. In my opinion, miniature endothermic plants for individual and collective use on ammonia, water vapor or air will be most widely used. This is exactly what businessmen are afraid of, since, in general, small-scale endoenergy will reduce the cost of heat and electricity.

Usually, water absorbs 95% of the sun's rays [3], and water cooled to +4°C is already collecting geothermal energy and thermal energy of the air with its simultaneous dehumidification. At the same time, the amount of water in a river or reservoir does not decrease, but increases due to dew. Water cooling contributes to oxygenation, germination of eggs, fish yield, destruction of pathogenic bacteria and harmful blue-green algae. Dehumidification of air is beneficial for health (it treats asthma, bronchial diseases, tuberculosis and other lung diseases), reduces the man-made impact on Nature. But the main thing is that endoenergy, unlike the current exoenergy, does not increase the heat balance of the Earth - the cause of impending environmental disasters.

References:

1. Goreiko N.P. An inexhaustible source of cheese - mousetraps / electrician. - 2004. -№1.- P.20.
2. Bearded Yu. Turbine for home CHP//Electrician. 2004. -№10.-P.22.
3. Encyclopedic dictionary of a young geographer-local historian. Comp. G.V. Karpov. - M.: Pedagogy, 1981.
4. Belyavsky A. G. Water gave us life, will soon give an inexhaustible source of energy//Electrician. -2003. - No. 10. - P.24.

Author: Y. Bearded

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