Transformers in the practice of repair. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Ham Radio Technologies

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If you love radio engineering so much that you have made it your main and only job, then it is unprofitable for you to rewind transformers. The craft of manufacturing transformers is an unbearable routine for a creative person, a depressing routine.

Almost any transformer can be replaced by others of a similar design. Abundant experience of such replacements has been accumulated by telerepair practitioners.

Before replacing a failed transformer, you need to make sure that it has completely failed and, if possible, clarify the cause of the failure. It is also necessary to make sure that the circuits fed by the secondary windings of the transformer do not have short circuits, and the fuse current corresponds to the recommended one, etc.

Sometimes it is possible to repair a transformer by soldering a terminal that has burned out outside the winding. This happens quite often, since the conductor not involved in the working magnetic field is loaded more than the conductor in the winding itself.

If the transformer does not have a short circuit in the turns, and one of its secondary windings is cut off, then such a transformer can still be operated by switching the load to the surviving windings, for example, using TVK-70 (output personnel transformer) or TVK-110 with a blown winding 5-6 (Fig. 1). For galvanic isolation with such a replacement, a capacitor with a capacity of 0,047 ... 1 μF is used.

A break in the feedback winding in the TVS-110LA (output line transformer) can also be eliminated by switching its load to the surviving winding of line reverse motion damping. To do this, the quenching lead 1 is soldered from the TVS and the housing lead is soldered in its place, having unsoldered the latter from petal 2. The feedback wire is soldered from petal 3 to 2. Thus, the quenching wire is unused, which does not affect the operation of the TV.

It is advantageous to disassemble some burned-out transformers and assemble fully functional TS and TVS from the surviving parts. The high-voltage coil from TVS-AM rarely fails, and placed in TVS-110-LA "pulls" even a kinescope with a diagonal of 61 cm! As a rule, when the "twisted" TS-160 and TS-180 (TS-180-2) fail, only one of the two coils is burned out.

Professional repairmen have developed techniques for quickly replacing some transformers with others that are at hand or less scarce. When carrying out such work, it is convenient to use reference books, for example [1]. But in most cases, only schematic diagrams of TVs with transformers for interchange are at hand. I want to give practical advice on the interchangeability of transformers.

Workshops that accept TVs for scrap have accumulated a significant number of TC-180 transformers. These transformers are capable of replacing any other power transformer for unified tube TVs. For example, to replace transformers TS-180 (TS-180-2) with a TS-160 transformer, a contact strip from a burned-out TS-160 is strengthened with threads. The TS-180 pinout scan is shown in Fig.2.

The replacement of TDKS-9 or TVS-110P5 with a TVS transformer from a tube TV (TVS-110L) is described in [2].

After the "Great Depression of the 30s" of the past century, commercial structures of all countries took a course towards deunification and a decrease in maintainability. Our repairmen felt the echo of this event on themselves while repairing imported equipment. This is where without good interchangeability techniques there is simply nothing to do ...

It is very difficult to give complete information on all replacements of all imported transformers. I will give only a table of the most common replacements for TVS-110PTs-15 (18; 26) terminals of imported transformers in the RFT TV.

And what to do with transformers that can no longer be used without rewinding? Do not throw them in the trash ... It is better to collect unusable transformers in a box and, if you find a specialist in rewinding, then give it to him. Such disposal will free the workshop from unnecessary trash and give the rewinder raw materials to work with.

References:

1. Sidorov I.N., Skornyakov S.V. Transformers of household radio-electronic equipment. - M .: Radio and communication, 1999.
2. Possible replacements of components in the repair of TVs//Radioamator.- 2000.- No. 11.- P.3.

Author: Yu.Borodaty

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