Linear stabilizer, 5 amps. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Linear stabilizer, 5 amps. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Surge Protectors

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The figure shows a basic circuit for building powerful stabilizers that provide a load current of up to 5 A. which is quite enough to power most amateur radio designs. The circuit is made using a stabilizer chip of the KR142 series and an external pass transistor.

(click to enlarge)

At low current consumption, transistor VT1 is closed and only the stabilizer microcircuit works, but with an increase in current consumption, the voltage allocated to R2 and VD5 opens transistor VT1, and the main part of the load current begins to flow through its junction. Resistor R1 serves as an overload current sensor. The greater the resistance R1, the lower the current protection is triggered (transistor VT1 closes). Filter choke L 1 serves to suppress AC ripple at maximum load.

According to the above scheme, you can assemble stabilizers for a voltage of 5-15 V. The power diodes VD1-VD4 must be rated for a current of at least 10 A. Resistor R4 fine-tunes the output voltage (the base value is set by the type of stabilizer chip used series KR142). Power elements are installed on radiators with an area of at least 200 cm2.

For example, let's calculate a voltage stabilizer with the following characteristics:

Uout - 12 V; Inag - 3 A; Uin - 20 V.

We choose a voltage stabilizer 12 V in the KR142 - KR142EN8B series. We select a pass-through transistor capable of dissipating the maximum load power Prac \u20d Uin * Iload \u3d 60 * 1.5 \u2d 818 W (it is advisable to choose a transistor power 100-15 times greater) - the common KT1A is suitable (Rrac \u5d 202 W, Ik max \uXNUMXd XNUMX A). As VDXNUMX-VDXNUMX, any power diodes suitable for current can be used, for example, KDXNUMXD.

(click to enlarge)

Upd - minimum voltage drop across the stabilizer
Рras - power dissipation
Ku - voltage instability coefficient
Ki - coefficient of current instability
Ksg - ripple smoothing coefficient at a frequency of 1 kHz

Linear stabilizer, 5 amps

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