Free energy concentrator. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Radio amateur designer

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Looking through the 1999 QST magazine article in search of the article I needed, in the "Technical Correspondence" section of the October issue, I saw an article by American shortwave Michael Lee (KB6FPW) "Free Energy Concentrator". It dealt with the use of the energy of radio waves from powerful broadcasting transmitters to power radio equipment. In itself, this idea is not new, it is about the same age as broadcasting itself. Notes on this topic can also be found in domestic journals published at the dawn of our amateur radio. It is clear that you cannot get much "free energy" from such a source, and in general it makes sense to do this only for those who live at a relatively small distance from the transmitters.

The author of the mentioned note reported that in his city (San Jose, California) there are five broadcasting medium-wave radio stations with a total radiated power of about 50 kW. To test the possibility of using the energy of their radio waves to power his low-power transceiver (more precisely, to recharge the battery that feeds it), he assembled an experimental device, the circuit of which is shown in the figure.

To receive "free energy", the author used an antenna (WA1) and an amateur radio grounding system. The antenna is a beam 43 meters long. This is several times less than the wavelength of medium-wave radio stations, so the input impedance of such an antenna has a noticeable capacitive component. A variable capacitor C1 connected in parallel and a constant capacitor C2 are connected in series with it, which allows you to adjust the reduced value of the capacitive component at the connection point of the upper (according to the diagram) output of the coil L1 (in other words, change the resonant frequency of the series circuit formed by this coil and the antenna capacitance) .

At resonance of the circuit on the coil L1, a significant RF voltage can occur from the carrier radio station, to which the oscillatory circuit is tuned. In the author's experiments, with an inductance of the L1 coil of 39 μH, resonance at a frequency of 1370 kHz (the most powerful local radio station worked on it) occurred with the total capacitance of capacitors C1 and C2. equal to 950 pF (the tuning interval is limited to frequencies of 1100 and 1600 kHz).

Since the RF voltage in this case must be removed from the high-resistance circuit, the rectifier diode VD1 is connected to the coil tap. Its place is selected when setting up the device for maximum output power. As the author notes, the place of the tap was not critical: approximately the same results were obtained when it was in the range from 1/4 to 1/6 of the number of turns of the coil, counting from its lower (according to the scheme) output.

In order to avoid overcharging the battery or failure of the rectifier diodes when the battery is disconnected (due to their possible reverse voltage breakdown), a protection unit based on transistors VT1 and VT2 is introduced into the device. When the load voltage is less than 12 V, the current does not flow through the Zener diode VD3, so the transistors are closed. When the voltage increases above this value, they open and the resistor R4 shunts the rectifier output.

According to the author's measurements, the device, tuned to the frequency of the above radio station, provided a battery charging current of up to 200 mA. (Unfortunately, there is no information about the power of the transmitter in the note, it is only said that the distance to it is about 1,6 km). According to estimates, the concentrator for the year "gave out" about 1700 Ah to charge the battery ... Moreover, unlike, for example, solar panels, it can be used almost around the clock (more precisely, during the entire time the radio station is operating).

To tune the circuit, the author used a variable capacitor with a large gap between the rotor and stator plates, but if the voltage developed in the system at resonance is not too high, an air dielectric capacitor from a broadcasting receiver can also be used.

The inductor L1 is wound on a frame with a diameter of 50 mm and contains 60 turns of wire with a diameter of 1,6 mm, the winding length is 250 mm (the pitch is approximately 4 mm). The magnetic core of the inductor L2 is a ring T-106-2 (27x14,5x11,1 mm) made of carbonyl iron, the winding consists of 88 turns of wire with a diameter of 0,4 mm. Diodes VD1 and VD2 are designed for direct current up to 1 A and reverse voltage 40 V. Zener diode VD3 - with a stabilization voltage of 12 V.

Of course, when repeating the device, the parameters of the elements of the oscillatory circuit (the inductance of the coil L1 and the capacitance of the capacitors C1 and C2) must be adjusted to the existing antenna and the frequency of the local radio station.

Author: B. Stepanov (RU3AX), Moscow; Publication: radioradar.net

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