Block effects for solo guitar. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Musician
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Before talking about the operation of the device as a whole, let's dwell on one of its constituent elements - an electrical signal spectrum converter, or "FUZZ" device. To get this effect, you need to enrich the original signal with a large number of odd harmonics. There are several ways, and accordingly schemes, to achieve them. We will focus on the spectrum converter, which is a ULF with overamplification.
The simplest circuit of the "FUZZ" device is shown in Figure 1. A two-stage ULF with a high gain limits the signal to the maximum and minimum. A "pure" sine wave is distorted. The number of odd harmonics increases. At the same time, the sound of an electric guitar takes on a variety of shades, imitating the "voices" of reed and bowed instruments or synthesizing completely new, "electronic" sounds.
Fig. 1
The scheme practically does not require adjustment. However, it has one feature: it must use transistors with B> 150.
The operation of the device is best checked with a sound generator and an oscilloscope. To do this, a sinusoidal signal of about 25 mV is fed to the input of the circuit from a sound generator. Based on the transistor V2, the signal is close to a rectangular one, and at the output it looks like (according to the oscilloscope) an irregular distorted sinusoid.
By connecting the electric guitar through the spectrum converter to the amplifier, using the resistor R2, the desired duration of the sound is selected, making sure that it does not break off, but fades out gradually. Resistors R6 and R7 equalize the volume of "clean" and converted sound.
The general schematic diagram of the set-top box is shown in Figure 2. The device is assembled in a case made in the form of a foot pedal.
Rice. 2 (click to enlarge)
The set-top box circuit consists of four separate functional blocks. A "FUZZ" block is assembled on transistors V1 and V2. Turn it on with toggle switch S1. Resistors R9 and R10 - volume control, respectively, high and low frequencies. As inductors L1 and L2, you can take universal heads from any tube tape recorder.
The "wow" device is assembled on transistors V3 - V5 (see "M-K" No. 3, 1980). The adjustable element of the tunable RC filter is a variable resistor R24 of the "B" group (with a logarithmic dependence of the resistance). A tuned resistor R11 limits the electric guitar signal to 45-50 mV. The "wah" block is permanently switched on and actuated by a foot pedal (Fig. 3).
Fig. 3
Two identical symmetrical multivibrators are assembled on transistors V7, V8 and V9, V10. The low-frequency alternating voltage they generate changes the internal resistance (collector-emitter junction) of transistors V6 and V11 at regular intervals. Using the toggle switch S2, the V6 stage is connected to the output of the V3 preamplifier. A change in the internal resistance of the transistor V6 (the frequency is set by the potentiometer R29) leads to a periodic change in the signal amplitude with the same frequency. This is the amplitude vibrato. The selection of the resistor R25 regulates the modulation depth.
The second multivibrator works similarly and serves to obtain the "vibrato" effect T (timbre). The block is switched on by the toggle switch S3 and is controlled by a pedal. The variable resistor R34 regulates the frequency, and R37 - the modulation depth. The frequency varies within 3-15 Hz.
It should be noted that in order to obtain a certain sound effect, transistors V7, V8 and V9, V10 must have pairs of the same and sufficiently high (B \u100d 6) gain. Transistors V11 and V208 are silicon KT209 or KTXNUMX.
If you simultaneously turn on "vibrato" timbre and "vibrato" amplitude with a frequency of each generator of 10-12 Hz, with a relative spread of both frequencies by 5-10%, you can get an effect that is perceived as a "flying" sound.
The prefix is mounted on two printed circuit boards (see Fig. 4, 5) made of foil fiberglass or getinax 2 mm thick.
Fig. 4
Rice. 5 (click to enlarge)
Author: V.Kezikov
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