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Morse code verbal expressions. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Miscellanea

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Recently, for the accelerated training of radio operators in receiving by ear and transmitting on the key of the telegraph alphabet, a new technique is becoming more widespread, which is based on the system of verbal expression of the Morse code - SVKM (see "Radio", 1973, No. 6, "Technology and weapons ", 1973, No. 3).

Qualified use of the SVKM system makes it possible to achieve high results in the training of radio telegraph operators. This, for example, confirms the experience of the Kostroma RTS, where a new training methodology is used, and the feedback coming from the military units in which graduates of this radio school serve: radiotelegraphers trained by the Kostroma RTS were admitted to independent radio watch after two months of service.

The SVKM system is successfully used in the Armavir RTS and other educational organizations that train radiotelegraph operators for military service.

In 1976-1977. in a number of RTS DOSAAF and training units of military units, an experiment was conducted that made it possible to determine how the trainees themselves evaluate various sets of words - "melodies" of the SVKM system from the point of view of their better perception. As a result, the words that received the highest number of points were selected (see table).

In contrast to the set of words - "melodies" published in the journal "Radio" (1973, No. 6), minor changes were made here in accordance with the principles of constructing a system of verbal expression of the Morse code (VKM), the essence of which, we recall, is as follows:

- combinations of long and short sound pulses (dots and dashes), forming Morse code characters, are indicated by combinations of syllables of one of the familiar words of the Russian language. This word must begin with the letter by which it is transformed into Morse code, or reflect the meaning of the designated character (for numbers, soft, separator, etc. characters);

- the number of syllables in this word must be equal to the number of sound impulses (dots and dashes), the combinations of which form the signs of the Morse code;

- syllables that include the vowels a, o, s must correspond to a dash, and all other syllables and the syllable ai must correspond to a dot;

- to give a rhythmic structure that reflects the rhythmic structure of the Morse code signs, all syllables containing the vowels a, o, s (with the exception of the syllable ai), i.e. syllables denoting dashes, are always stressed, regardless of the stress that usually placed in the chosen word. All other syllables are unstressed.

The method of accelerated training of radiotelegraph operators with the help of the SVKM system is not complicated. When learning the graphic designation of Morse code signs, the student needs to remember a set of words denoting code signs and the rules for constructing the SVKM system. Then, in accordance with these rules, put a dot (.) over the syllables that include the vowels a, o, s, dash (-), and above the rest of the syllables. For example: D - houses (do-mi-ki). When receiving by ear, combinations of sound impulses are compared with the syllables of the selected word and the first letter of this word is recorded.

When transmitting on the key, the student mentally pronounces the word denoting the transmitted sign, and simultaneously with the pronunciation manipulates the telegraph key. For example, when transmitting D signs, the student pronounces do-mi-ki and manipulates the key synchronously with the pronunciation.

It should be noted once again that the trainee's knowledge of the principles of constructing the SVKM system allows him to meaningfully and actively use a set of words - "melodies" when learning the Morse code alphabet, when developing skills for high-speed reception and transmission of signals using this code.

Table 1

Author: E. Grigoriev; Publication: N. Bolshakov, rf.atnn.ru

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