Automatic lighting effects with four modes of operation. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Automatic lighting effects with four modes of operation. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Color and music installations, garlands

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In discos, bars, clubs, etc. very often you can find a wide variety of automatic lighting effects, they are not uncommon in everyday life. First of all, these are all kinds of "running lights" and "flashing pictures", but more complex lighting effects are also possible. As emitters for such automata, colored garlands are usually used, made up of many low-power light bulbs, less often single emitters or spotlights. The control units of any modern more or less complex automata of lighting effects are built on the basis of digital circuitry. These can be the simplest circuits using two or three microcircuits of shift registers and clock generators, and entire microcomputers with their own central processor, memory and controls, working according to freely changeable or hard-coded programs.

Figure 1 shows one of the simplest schemes. Despite its simplicity, it is quite effective and allows you to implement several combinations of switching on garlands: "running lights", "running shadow" and two options for switching on in pairs. The machine is implemented on only two microcircuits and is extremely easy to repeat.

Fig.1 (click to enlarge)

The operating mode of the machine is set using the SA1-SA4 switch block and the KH1 button. The basis of the machine is the shift register chip DD2. A clock generator is assembled on the DD1 chip, the frequency of which can be smoothly adjusted by the resistor R1.

When the supply voltage is turned on through the RC circuit, the reset pulse is fed to the input R of the DD2 microcircuit. Next, the user must enter the work program into the machine. This is done as follows: the switches S1-S4 are set to a certain combination and the KH1 button is pressed, as a result of which a high level is formed at the inputs SL and SR of the DD2 microcircuit, according to the decay of the next pulse at the input C, the information specified by S1-S4 is written to the register. Resistors R17, R18 and switch S5 make up a circuit that, by generating signals at the inputs SL and SR, sets the direction of information shift in the register, i.e. the direction of movement of a running fire or a running shadow.

From the output of the DD2 microcircuit, the control signals are fed to the transistor switches VT1-VT4, which control the power triacs. The use of triacs made it possible to do without power rectifier diodes. With a total load per channel of up to 500 W, heat sinks for triacs can be dispensed with, but with a higher load power (possibly up to 2 kW), the use of such radiators is mandatory. The stabilized voltage source for powering the control circuit can be any with a power of 5 ... 10 W.

When setting up and operating the device, one should not forget that the structure is under the potential of the network ~ 220 V.

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