Dimmer with IR remote control. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Lighting

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The dimmer described below is designed for use with incandescent lamps. They control it using a remote control (RC) from any household equipment (TV, video player, etc.). The device can be useful for people with limited mobility or just people who value comfort. In addition, the regulator allows you to save energy through a more intelligent and justified use of lighting.

Despite the fact that the idea of ​​using a remote control to control lighting is clearly not new and a lot of similar devices have been developed, it was not possible to find a suitable one for repetition in amateur radio literature and the Internet. As a result, a device was assembled, the scheme of which is shown in Fig. 1.

Rice. 1 (click to enlarge)

The proposed dimmer is made on an accessible element base, it repeats well (several copies have been made) and, assembled without errors in installation, starts working immediately. A clear, confident, without failures and false spontaneous operation of the regulator was noted. The function of the switching element in it is performed by the KR1182PM1 phase power regulator microcircuit, which makes it possible to smoothly switch light, protecting the lamp filament from premature burnout.

The regulator works as follows. When you press any button on the remote control, the emitted IR signal is received by the photodetector B1. At its output (pin 3), bursts of low voltage pulses appear, which, through the limiting resistor R1, are fed to the input of a single vibrator made on the DA1 chip and start it. At the output DA1 (pin 3) a rectangular pulse of positive polarity is formed, the duration of which depends on the resistance of the resistor R3 and the capacitance of the capacitor C2 [1]. The pulse comes to the clock input (pin 14) of the counter-decoder DD1 and sets its output 1 (pin 2) to a high level. Through the VD1 diode, it enters pin 6 of the DA2 microcircuit, and the EL1 lighting lamp lights up at full heat.

The next time you press the remote control button, a high level from output 1 DD1 goes to output 2 (pin 4), and pin 6 of DA2 receives voltage from the divider formed by resistors R4 and R8. The brightness of the lamp decreases. Further pressing the button leads to the fact that a high level appears sequentially at outputs 3, 4, 5 (pins 7, 10, 1, respectively), resistors R6, R2, R5 are turned on in the voltage divider supplied to pin 6 DA7, and brightness lamps are further reduced. When a high level appears at output 6 (pin 5), which is connected to input R (pin 15), the counter is set to zero, in which the voltage at all its outputs is low. The lamp goes out. Then everything repeats.

The R2C1 circuit is introduced to improve the stability of the device. Diodes VD1-VD5 play the role of separation. Elements VD6-VD10, R9, R10 and capacitors C4, C5 form the power source of the device. The integral stabilizer DA3 stabilizes the supply voltage of the photodetector B1.

The regulator is assembled on a printed circuit board (Fig. 2) from fiberglass laminated on one side. All resistors and diodes are installed perpendicular to the board (circuit elements VD2R4-VD5R7, R9R10 are soldered to the board with one output, the second ones are connected to each other). Photodetector B1 is installed above the body of the timer DA1, for which its leads are bent at a right angle. The board is connected to the mains and the load through a connecting block with screw terminals. The appearance of the mounted board is shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Possible replacement of the KR1006VI1 chip - 555 timers with different letter indices (NE, LM, etc.), integrated stabilizer L78L05 - domestic KR1157EN502A, etc. with an output voltage of 5 V. Diodes VD1-VD5 - any low-power, VD6-VD9 -1N4004-1N4007 , KD209A, KD209V, etc. with a reverse voltage of at least 400 V. We will replace the KS191M zener diode with any low-power one with a stabilization voltage of 9 ... 10 V.

To control the regulator, the author uses the Horizontal TV remote control. Photodetectors TSOP1133, TSOP1733 were tested. The result is the same. In a room of 25 m²the board, located on the table, confidently received the reflected signal when the remote control was directed in different directions, even the furnishings located in the room did not interfere. When the board was covered with a sheet of paper, the sensitivity of the device dropped somewhat. And only after the photodetector was wrapped with a layer of black electrical tape, it began to receive only direct radiation from the remote control. But it turned out to be enough to use the regulator normally.

Other photodetectors can be used in the device, but for the maximum reception range it is important that the carrier frequencies of the remote control and the photodetector are the same (for TSOP1133 - 33 kHz [2]). I would also like to add that it is necessary to protect the photodetector from direct sunlight and the bright light of electric lamps.

The board is installed in a decorative casing covering the chandelier's fastening to the ceiling. As practice has shown, the IR radiation reflected from it is quite enough for switching. If the casing is close to the ceiling, it is necessary to drill one or two small holes in it to let the radiation from the remote control get inside. The regular lamp switch, located on the wall, must be turned on and will play the role of an auxiliary one.

If desired, by selecting resistors R4-R7, you can change the brightness of the lamp to your liking. As the resistance increases, the brightness decreases, and vice versa. The power of the EL1 electric lamp (or other load connected to the regulator) must not exceed 150 watts. To increase it significantly, it is enough to connect a triac [3]. By introducing an additional 100 uF oxide capacitor (with a nominal voltage of 16 V) in parallel with the resistor R8 (plus to terminal 6 of DA2), a smooth switching of light can be achieved, which may be more attractive.

The number of light brightness levels can be increased or decreased. For example, if it is desirable to have six levels, pin 15 of the DD1 chip should be connected to its pin 6, and pin 5 should be connected through a diode and a 46 kΩ resistor to pin 6 of the DA2 chip. To obtain nine levels, terminals 2, 5, 6, 9 of DD11 are connected to this DA1 terminal (also through diodes and resistors), and terminal 15 of the latter is connected to a common wire. Of course, for a more "smooth" regulation with an increased number of levels, you will have to re-select the resistors of the circuits connecting the outputs of the DD1 chip with pin 6 of DA2.

If there is no need to adjust the brightness, but just turn the lamp on and off, the diodes VD1-VD5 and resistors R4-R7 are removed, and output 2 (pin 4) of the DD1 chip is connected to its input R (pin 15). You can do otherwise (Fig. 4): replace the K561IE8 counter-decoder with one of the D-flip-flops of the K561TM2 microcircuit, operating in the counting mode, and the KR1182PM1R microcircuit with a VS1 triac connected through the U1 optocoupler (the numbering of the remaining elements continues that started in Fig. 1).

Fig. 4

In this case, the load power will be limited by the parameters of the triac (when using BTA16-600B -2 kW).

Obviously, the dimmer can be used not only to control lighting, but also to control the power of various electric heaters (for example, heating elements), electric motors, etc. devices of appropriate power. The input part of the regulator can be used as a source of a control signal, equipping various devices with a simple remote control, for example, those that are difficult to access or are at a considerable height (the signal is removed from pin 3 of DA1). To alternately control two different loads, you can use the second trigger of the K561TM2 chip (Fig. 5). The loads will be switched on in the sequence: load 1 on - load 2 on - both loads on - both loads off - load 1 on, etc.

Fig. 5

In conclusion, it should be said that it would probably be more competent to regulate the brightness of light from minimum to maximum. In this case, when turned on, the load on the KR1182PM1R chip is less, the life of the electric lamps is extended and the transition is not so contrasting for vision. The author just found it inconvenient. And you can change the direction of regulation by swapping the connection points of the anodes of the diodes VD1 with VD5 and VD2 with VD4.

Attention! All elements and circuits of the regulator have a galvanic connection with a 220 V network, therefore, when testing, adjusting and during operation, electrical safety rules should be observed.

Literature

1. Zeldin E. Application of the integrated timer KR1006VI1. - Radio, 1986, No. 9, p. 36, 37.
2. Dolgy A. IR signal receiver modules. - Radio, 2005, No. 1, p. 47-50.
3. Nemich A. Chip KR1182PM1 - phase power controller. - Radio, 1999, No. 7, p. 44-46.

Author: K. Litovchenko

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