Spark flaw detector. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Measuring technology
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The spark flaw detector is designed to check the insulating coating of coarse gas pipelines, electrolytic baths, etc.
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The almost doubled mains voltage from the secondary winding of the transformer T1 is rectified by the diode V1 and fed to the trinistor V3. The trinistor is controlled by half-waves of the voltage coming from the winding III of the transformer T1 through the diode V2. When the trinistor V3 is closed, the capacitor C1 has time to charge up to a voltage of about 300 V. The trinistor periodically opens, and the capacitor C1 is discharged through it and the primary winding of the high-voltage pulse transformer T2. A high-voltage pulse occurs on the secondary winding of transformer T2. One end of the secondary winding of the transformer T2 is connected to the working electrode mounted on the remote probe; the other - with the body of the electrolytic bath (or any other object under study).
When powered from an independent voltage source, switch S2 is moved to the lower (according to the diagram) position. The voltages required in this case are obtained from a manual generator, which is used as a converted megohmmeter M1103. The voltages received in the stator windings when the generator knob is rotated are rectified by two rectifiers assembled on diodes V4 - V7 and V8 - V11. All parts of the power supply and pulse generator are assembled in a megohmmeter case. Alteration of the megohmmeter generator consists in completely removing the collector and shortening the axis to the bearing. An additional winding II is wound on the stator, containing 150 turns of PEV-2 wire with a diameter of 0,2 mm. Transformer T1 has a magnetic core with a cross section of 8,1 cm2 (W30 x 27). Winding I contains 1320 turns of PEL wire with a diameter of 0,2 mm, winding II - 2400 turns of a PEL drive with a diameter of 0,15 mm, winding III - 90 turns of PEL wire with a diameter of 0.3 mm, and winding IV - 38 turns of PEL wire with a diameter of 0,35 mm .
An induction ignition coil from a car placed in a screen made of a thin steel sheet was used as a pulse transformer. On one end of the screen there is a connector for connecting power and ground wires, a bushing with a cartridge for installing interchangeable pins of the working body of the flaw detector is glued to the other end. The arrester F2 is attached to the case of a high-voltage pulse transformer on a steel cage. When checking the integrity of the insulation with a probe, it is carried out along its surface. In the event that it is intact, the breakdown occurs only through the spark gap F2. As soon as even a microscopic crack is encountered in the insulation layer, an electrical breakdown will occur through it and the discharge between the F2 electrodes will stop.
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