Tester for monitoring the energy intensity of batteries. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Tester for monitoring the energy intensity of batteries. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Measuring technology

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The simplest device, fig. 1.22 is designed to quickly check the voltage and capacity, which makes it possible to easily evaluate the quality of the purchased galvanic battery or the degree of charge of the battery with a nominal voltage of 1,2 ... 1,5 V. This will allow you to choose a battery in the store that will last much longer, as well as revealing open and hidden marriage. You should be aware that batteries are usually sold in the store not charged and they need to be checked after charging.

(click to enlarge)

For ease of connection, the device has four pairs of terminals X1...X8 for installing different standard sizes of batteries: miniature galvanic for watches, R6 (element 316), R14 (343) and R20 (373). The design of the clamps depends on what elements you most often have a depot with (they can be purchased ready-made). Using the device is quite simple. The circuit consists of a voltage and current meter. When installing the element under test (observing the polarity) in the appropriate terminals, the PA1 pointer meter will show the "idling" voltage.

For a new battery, it should be about 1,5 V (for a charged battery, 1,2 ... 1.5 V). Using switch SA1 ("load"), set the desired load for a particular element and press the button SB3 (U). The PA1 device will show the voltage on the element in working condition. It should not decrease much compared to the previous mode. The resistance values R6 ... R10 are selected taking into account the maximum allowable current through the elements. The value of the discharge current in the circuit is selected from the condition of not more than 0,1Q, where Q is the energy intensity, expressed in ampere-hours.

Since the energy intensity is often not indicated on the element itself, in order to find out what load should be used, you can use the table. 1.1. More detailed information on galvanic power supplies and their features is given in the literature [for example, L24 p. 220; L25; L26]. The energy intensity of the element can be checked using the two "current" buttons. When you press the SB1 or SB2 button, the PA1 indicator works as an ammeter with a measurement scale of 5 or 1 A, respectively.

Usually you have to use the SB2 button (scale 1 A) to check the miniature elements used in the watch. According to the current readings, it is easy to estimate the real charge capacity of the elements and compare them with each other. Moreover, if the current begins to "creep" down (decrease) strongly, this indicates a marriage. Such an element will not work for a long time. Diodes VD1, VD2 prevent damage to the dial indicator if the polarity of the galvanic cell is connected incorrectly. As an indicator PA1, you can use a pointer microammeter with a total deflection current of 150 or 100 μA, for example, M4247, M4248. Any other small-sized indicator from household appliances, such as the M476, is also suitable.

Table 1.1. Battery parameters
IEC frame size Designation of the domestic analogue Dimensions in mm: diameter and length Energy consumption in ampere-hours
SR41 SC-0,038 7,9x3,6 38 45 ...
SR42 SC-0,08 11,6x3,6 80 100 ...
SR43 SC-0,12 11,6x4,2 110 120 ...
SR44 SC-0,18 11,6x5,4 130 190 ...
R6 316 14,5x50,5 0,45 0,85 ...
LR6 A316 14,5x50,5 1,0 3,7 ...
R14 343 26,2x50 1,53 1,76 ...
LR14 A343 26,2x50 3,0 8,2 ...
R20 373 34,1x61,5 2,0 4,0 ...
LR20 A373 34,1x61,5 5.5 16,0 ...

Other details: resistors can be of any type of appropriate power, for example R1 ... R3 type C5-16MV. Buttons SA1...SA3 type KM2-1 (KM1-1). Microswitch SA1 type PG2-6-6P2NV or PG2-6-12P1NV. In the manufacture of the device, the device setting begins with the selection of the value of the resistor R5 for the full deflection of the needle of the PA1 microammeter at a voltage of 1,5 V at the terminals.

For the current measurement mode, we first perform the adjustment with the SB2 button pressed - with the resistor R4 we achieve a complete deflection of the arrow at a current in the circuit of 1 A. After that, press the SB1 button and select the value of the resistor R1 so that the total deflection of the indicator needle is at a current in the circuit of 5 A and voltage at the terminals 1 V.

Publication: cxem.net

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