Solenoid valve control. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Home, household, hobby

 Comments on the article

Solenoid valves in water supply systems, which prevent possible flooding of apartments, basements or other utility rooms, have not yet found wide application in everyday life. This is partly due to the fact that the operating time of the electromagnet under voltage is not limited, which can lead to its failure or even fire. In this regard, the proposed electronic control system for the solenoid valve is of interest, which, in the opinion of the author of the article, makes it possible to avoid such troubles.

A distinctive feature of the described device is its very low current consumption from the power source in the operating mode when the valve is open. This makes it possible to use an autonomous energy source for a long time.

The diagram of the solenoid valve control system is shown in fig. 1, and the modified design of the valve - in fig. 2. The principle of operation of the system is based on the interaction of the fields of the valve electromagnet and the permanent magnet that complements it.

(click to enlarge)

The device consists of four functional units: a humidity alarm, a timer with an electromagnetic relay at the output, a voltage converter of the power source and a solenoid valve control unit. To turn on the valve, you must press the button SB1 and hold it in this state for 4 ... 5 s. At this time, the closed contacts SB1.1 of the button connect a voltage converter assembled on the elements of the DD2 chip to the power source. From the output of the multiplier by 3, formed by diodes VD2 - VD5 and capacitors C7-C10, a voltage increased to 27 V is supplied through contacts SB1.4 to capacitor C11 and charges it. After 4...5 s, when the capacitor has accumulated enough energy to turn on the solenoid valve Y1, the start button must be released.

The charged capacitor C11 is discharged to the valve solenoid through contacts SB1.3. A magnetic field develops around it, which moves the spool in the valve stem, and it opens. When the influence of the electromagnetic field stops, the spool will be held by the magnetic field of the permanent magnet. In the open state, the valve can be indefinitely long time, without consuming energy from the power source, until moisture gets on the contacts of the sensor connected to the input of the humidity alarm.

Elements DD1.1 and DD1.2, a pulse generator assembled on the elements DD1.3, DD1.4, a trinistor VS1 and, of course, a sensor installed at the humidity control point form a humidity alarm. LED HL1, connected to the output of the pulse generator, signals the presence of moisture with periodic flashes. Their frequency (about 1 Hz) depends on the values ​​​​of the resistor R3 and capacitor C2.

When the humidity alarm is triggered, the power supply voltage through the open trinistor VS1 and the contacts SB1.2 of the start button is supplied to the integrated timer DA1 and the trigger signal sensor, the function of which is performed by the transistor VT1. A current appears in the base circuit of the transistor, which charges the capacitor C3 and opens this transistor for a time determined by the parameters of the C3R5 circuit. The pulse of negative polarity from the collector of the transistor VT1 is input to the integrated timer DA1 and starts it. At the same time, a high-level voltage appears at the output of the timer, as a result of which the HL2 LED lights up, the transistor VT2 opens and relay K1 is activated for a time determined by the values ​​of the C4R8 timing circuit. Now, through the closed contacts of the relay K1.1, the energy of the power source is again supplied to the voltage converter, but the capacitor C12 is charged through the contacts SB1.3 of the start button, the contacts K1.2 of the relay and the winding of the valve solenoid.

After 4 ... 5 s, the timer will switch to its original state, the relay winding K1 will de-energize and the capacitor C12 will be discharged to the electromagnet of the valve Y1 through the contacts of the relay K1.3, but now in the opposite direction with respect to the discharge of the capacitor C11. There will be a counteraction of magnetic fields, and the spool of the valve stem under the influence of the spring will block the water.

The details of the device blocks are mounted on four independent boards 40x40 mm in size (Fig. 3), made of one-sided foil fiberglass 2 mm thick. All resistors - MLT-0,125. Capacitors C3, C4 and C7 - C12 - oxide K50-6, and C1, C2, C5 and C6 - KM, KLS. Diodes VD2 - VD5 - germanium series D311, GD402. Relay K1 - RES9 (passport RS4.524.202). Switch SB1 - P2K without fixation in the pressed position.

(click to enlarge)

A solenoid valve designed for a constant voltage of 24 V is desirable to use industrial production, for example, a valve from an automatic washing machine "Vyatka". A self-made design is also suitable, which opens the water when voltage is applied to the winding of the valve solenoid. Refinement of the finished solenoid valve consists in supplementing it with a magnetic system and manufacturing a cylindrical thin-walled casing from duralumin or other non-magnetic material. The magnetic system shown in fig. 2, can be from a dynamic head of direct radiation 1GD-48-140 (GOST 9010 - 78), previously released from the flange and core. A magnet with a yoke is fixed inside the casing with screws or glue. Two holes are drilled in the casing for the conductors of the electromagnet winding, after which the structure is installed on the valve stem.

The humidity sensor consists of two metal rods 10 mm long, isolated from one another, which are connected to the signaling device input with pieces of thin stranded wire in insulation up to 5 m long. It is permissible to connect several sensors in parallel to the signaling device and place them in different places in the room.

Capacitor C1 protects the signaling device from interference of electromagnetic radiation induced in the connecting wires of the sensor with the signaling device.

To power the device, you can use a low-power network unit that works in conjunction with a Korund battery or a 7D-0,125 battery in buffer mode, or two 3336 batteries by connecting them in series.

The current drawn by the device is so low that a dual 3336 battery supply will last as long as it is stored.

Setting up the device comes down to selecting capacitor C4 and resistor R8 in the input circuit of timer DA1 so that capacitor C12 has enough time to accumulate enough energy to turn off the valve. In 4...5 s it should charge up to a voltage of 20...22 V.

With serviceable parts and error-free installation, the device is ready for operation. And if after turning on the power the valve does not open, this will indicate the need to swap the connection of the electromagnet conductors on the connectors X1 and X2.

The valve is installed on the pipeline in a horizontal position.

It should be noted that a valve of this design can be used for automatic watering of beds in a home garden or horticulture, or a water level regulator in a pumping tank can be created on its basis.

Author: A. Burtsev, Novorossiysk

See other articles Section Home, household, hobby.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Machine for thinning flowers in gardens 02.05.2024

In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers. ... >>

Advanced Infrared Microscope 02.05.2024

Microscopes play an important role in scientific research, allowing scientists to delve into structures and processes invisible to the eye. However, various microscopy methods have their limitations, and among them was the limitation of resolution when using the infrared range. But the latest achievements of Japanese researchers from the University of Tokyo open up new prospects for studying the microworld. Scientists from the University of Tokyo have unveiled a new microscope that will revolutionize the capabilities of infrared microscopy. This advanced instrument allows you to see the internal structures of living bacteria with amazing clarity on the nanometer scale. Typically, mid-infrared microscopes are limited by low resolution, but the latest development from Japanese researchers overcomes these limitations. According to scientists, the developed microscope allows creating images with a resolution of up to 120 nanometers, which is 30 times higher than the resolution of traditional microscopes. ... >>

Air trap for insects 01.05.2024

Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy, and pest control is an integral part of this process. A team of scientists from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, has come up with an innovative solution to this problem - a wind-powered insect air trap. This device addresses the shortcomings of traditional pest control methods by providing real-time insect population data. The trap is powered entirely by wind energy, making it an environmentally friendly solution that requires no power. Its unique design allows monitoring of both harmful and beneficial insects, providing a complete overview of the population in any agricultural area. “By assessing target pests at the right time, we can take necessary measures to control both pests and diseases,” says Kapil ... >>

Random news from the Archive Miniature Precision ADCs MAX11259 and MAX11261 05.11.2018 MAX11259, MAX11261 - new precision 24 Bit Sigma-Delta ADCs with conversion rates up to 16000 conversions per second from the leading manufacturer of analog components - Maxim Integrated. A feature of these converters is that having excellent metrological characteristics and a set of peripheral blocks for building accurate measuring instruments, they are the smallest precision ADCs in the world! The MAX11259 comes in a very small 3x3mm package, while the MAX11261 comes in an even smaller 2.8x2.8mm package. Both converters have 36 pins and a WLP (Wafer-Level Package) package. Such a housing makes it possible to realize a truly miniature precision sensor. The MAX11259 and MAX11261 include current sources, a smart multiplexer, a low noise programmable amplifier, a 4th order Sigma-Delta modulator, and an adjustable digital filter. Both models have a built-in sequencer that allows you to scan the specified channels in any sequence and convert the signal with any delay without the participation of the control microcontroller. The MAX11261 accumulates the results of the conversion in a FIFO buffer, and then signals the microcontroller about the data content in the buffer. In addition, the MAX11261 can analyze the presence of a signal change at the inputs and wake up the microcontroller only at the moments when the voltage at one of the analog inputs begins to change. These functions allow you to further optimize the power consumption of the entire measuring device.

Other interesting news:

▪ Information about humanity will be sent into space

▪ Place windmills tightly

▪ VR headset from Korea Fuel-Tech Corporation

▪ Philips Hue Secure series cameras and sensors

▪ Plasma engine for operation in the earth's atmosphere

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ Modeling section of the site. Selection of articles

▪ article The fish rots from the head. Popular expression

▪ article Why is the asteroid Icarus named after the son of Daedalus? Detailed answer

▪ article Dressing operator. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ article Solar collectors. Tubular evacuated collectors. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Sharik in a different role. physical experiment

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages ​​of this page

Arabic	Hebrew	Polish
Bengali	Hindi	Portuguese
Chinese	Italian	Spanish
English	Japanese	Turkish
French	Korean	Ukrainian
German	Malay	Vietnamese

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews

www.diagram.com.ua
2000-2024