Low voltage flasher. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Lighting
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In amateur practice, sometimes there is a need to make a simple flasher. The easiest way to do this is to use LEDs as the emitter of light pulses. But for a normal glow, they require voltages of at least 2 V, i.e. to power such a device, at least two galvanic cells or batteries are required. The figure shows an embodiment of a flasher with an LED, which is powered by only one galvanic cell.
She works like this. When turned on, capacitor C2 is charged through resistors R4 and R5 to the supply voltage. When this process ends, the base of the transistor VT1 is connected to the common wire through resistors R2 and R4. The charge current of the capacitor C1 opens the transistors VT1 and VT2, while the latter connects the charged capacitor C2 in series with the galvanic cell. During the discharge of this capacitor, the HL1 LED glows for some time, since a voltage above the threshold is applied to it. When the capacitor C2 is completely discharged, the transistors close and the process repeats.
With the ratings of the elements indicated in the diagram, the device provides 15 flashes in 10 s. It remains operational when the galvanic cell is discharged up to 1 ... 1,2 V. The current consumed by the device is small, therefore one R20 element ensures the flasher's performance for a year and a half.
The VS558V transistor can be replaced with transistors of the KT3107 series, VS548V - with KT3102 (or other appropriate structures and with a static current transfer coefficient of at least 200). The HL1 LED should have an operating voltage of approximately 2 V. AL112, AL307A, AL310, AL316 with any letter index (red glow) and AL360 (green glow) are suitable here.
Author: Zdenek Hajek
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