Indication of the operation of the apartment bell. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Calls and audio simulators

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With the advent of closed vestibules, deaf metal or double doors in houses, a problem arose with determining the operation of a room bell. Approaching the door, the guest presses the apartment bell button and ... does not hear anything. Waits, presses the button again In response - silence, and no one opens the door. Either the owners are not at home, or the bell simply does not work. If you enter a light indication of the operation of the bell, the guest, realizing that the bell is working, will not be nervous and drum on the door.

Another case is when someone is resting at home, and a "vociferous" call will spoil this rest for him. And a silent indicator light (of course, in a place where it will definitely be noticed) will not "spoil" anything to anyone. Yes, and he will help people with impaired hearing. The main thing is not to forget to turn on the bell later.

Figure 1 shows the simplest scheme for indicating the operation of a home bell. It is based on publications [1, 2]. As can be seen from the diagram, the HA1 bell can work with the SA1 switch closed. In this case, the green LED G of the matrix HL1 is lit. To turn off the call, SA1 opens. LED HL1 goes out. If you now press the call button SB1, then at these moments the red LED R of the HL1 matrix lights up. The call is not audible, but there is an alarm about its operation.

The modified indication scheme is shown in Fig.2. Here, switch SA1 is shunted by a high-resistance resistor R2. and a low-power zener diode VD1 is connected in series with the resistor R3. In the initial state SA1 ("On") R2 is shorted and does not participate in the operation of the circuit. The zener diode VD3 also does not have a significant effect (the green LED G of the LED matrix HL1 is on).

If SA1 is opened, then the green LED G will continue to glow, but the brightness of its glow will decrease sharply. This is due to a significant increase in the resistance value in its circuit (R1 and R2 serve as ballast resistors). When the SB1 button is pressed, the green LED of the HL1 matrix will practically stop glowing, but the red LED R of this two-color LED will light up brightly. Zener diode VD3 provides almost complete cessation of the glow of the green crystal HL1. This improves the purity of the visible color of the red LED of the matrix in this mode.

The advantage of the circuits in Fig. 1 and 2 is that in the open state of the SB1 button, the current does not flow through the bell coil HA1. When the SB1 button is pressed, the current is determined by the resistance of the bell coil to alternating current (in the "silent" mode, the current through the bell coil is very small).

Instead of a two-color HL1 LED, you can use two ordinary multi-colored LEDs, for example, red AL307BM and green AL307VM (or even two single-color ones).

The call scheme will be even more simplified if you take SA1 with a group of contacts for switching (Fig. 3). When SA1 is in the "On" position, the HA1 bell is in the ready state, and the HL1 LED is off. When the SB1 button is pressed, an alternating mains voltage is applied to the bell coil, and it rings. In position SA1 "Off." (as in Fig. 3) the HL1 LED lights up. Resistor R1 - ballast (current limiting). The HA1 call is de-energized, but at the moment the SB1 button is pressed, the VD1 diode is connected in parallel to the VD1-HL2 chain, and the HL1 LED goes out at the moment the call button is pressed.

The choice of the type of LEDs is determined by the possibilities and taste. Resistor R1 limits the LED current. therefore, for most cases, its resistance can be of the order of 82 ... 150 kOhm (should be selected experimentally). The dissipation power of this resistor is 1 ... 2 W, so that it does not heat up significantly. The resistance R2 for the circuit in Fig. 2 may be slightly less than R1. Diodes VD1, VD2 for all considered circuits are protective for LEDs, therefore they must withstand the amplitude voltage of the network. It is advisable to use widely used type 1 N4007 or KD105B diodes. The zener diode VD3 for the circuit in Fig. 2 can be of almost any type, for example, KS168A.

To indicate the operation of the call in the apartment, it is easiest to turn on the LEDs, for example, DL307BM, AL307VM, in series with the R and G LEDs of the HL1 assembly, as is done in Fig. 4.

It is quite enough to indicate the operation of the call inside with the help of one LED (Fig. 5).

In this circuit, simultaneously with the red LED R of the HL1 assembly, the HL4 LED is powered through the VD2 diode and glows with low brightness. When the HA1 call is on, the HL2 LED lights up brightly, in standby mode it glows weakly, and when the SB1 button is pressed, the brightness of HL2 increases.

Outdoor indication LEDs are usually installed in the bell button housing.

Literature

1. A. Oznobikhin. Discrete timer. - Radiomir, 2006, No. 7, P. 42.
2. V. Fedorov. Blown fuse indicator. - Radioworld. 2005, No. 6, p.8.

Author: E.L. Yakovlev, Uzhgorod, Ukraine

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