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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Spot welding on throttles. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / welding equipment

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Spot electric welding can be very necessary for a do-it-yourselfer, but ... the devices for its implementation are mostly complicated and expensive. Yes, and getting them (especially in the rural "outback") is a problem.

But in some cases, the original method, which is sometimes used by experienced radio amateurs for "welding on the go" of small parts (for example, D-0,06 batteries) without heating them, may well help out here. Moreover, to implement it, you only need a crocodile clip, a plug with wires (the cross section of each copper is at least 0,8 mm2), a fusible jumper for a current of about 13 A (from a 100 mm piece of copper wire with a diameter of 0,25 ...0,3 mm) and a few chokes from old 40-watt fluorescent lamps.

Spot welding on chokes
Rice. 1. Micro welding "on the go": 1 - plug, 2 - power wire in isolation (3 pcs.), 3 - "battery" of parallel chokes (from 20-watt fluorescent lamps), 4 - crocodile clip, 5 - support sheet (asbestos or slate), 6 - main part, 7 - fusible link, 8 - welded part (outlet)

Chokes (4...6 pieces) are connected "in parallel". They are connected to the circuit assembled "on the go" (see Fig. 1) using well-insulated wires. Well, the part to which something needs to be welded is clamped in the "crocodile" and placed on a support made of asbestos or slate. As for the wire jumper, one end of it is tightly wound around the bare section of the network wire, while the other end is wound onto the piece to be welded (pin).

Having connected the plug to the network, touch the output to the part clamped in the "crocodile". This is immediately followed by a flash-electric arc. Naturally, the "fusible link" - the wire jumper - immediately burns out, breaking the entire circuit. And the parts to be welded are securely connected to each other.

Of course, when using this method of "contact" welding, special care should be taken. In addition, make sure that the fuses installed in the apartment next to the electricity meter would withstand obviously more current than the aforementioned 13 A. It is better if they are not single, but multiple operation (of the "automatic fuse" type).

Author: A. Gvazdyuk

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Experiments with rodent embryos were carried out at the Salk Institute (USA), and experiments with pig embryos were carried out at the University of Murcia (Spain). To begin with, it was necessary to check whether the cells of the selected animals can generally take root in embryos of other species. Since it was already shown in 2010 that rat induced pluripotent stem cells implanted in mouse embryos that are unable to form a pancreas successfully form this organ, the researchers decided, firstly, to repeat such a cell transplant, and secondly, to introduce some number of rat iPSCs in swine embryos. Immunochemical analysis and DNA analysis showed that rat-mouse chimeric embryos are formed quite easily, however, no rat cells were found in pig embryos on the 21-28th day of their development. Chimeras of pigs and rats could not be created.

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