Automatic lighting switch in the hallway. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Automatic lighting switch in the hallway. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Lighting

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Opening the door of the apartment, you find yourself in a dark hallway. In order to immediately turn on the lighting, you need to build a special machine. Two variants of such a device are proposed in the published article.

To automate the inclusion of lighting in the hallway when you open the front door, you can use the bell button. This option was considered in the article by I. Alexandrov "The bell button controls the lighting" ("Radio", 1990, No. 4, p. 82).

A simpler solution is an "automatic" button, the normally closed contacts of which are connected in parallel to the light switch in the hallway, and the button itself is installed on the door. When the door is opened, the contacts close and the lighting lamp lights up.

For automation to work reliably, it is best to use magnetically controlled contacts. In other words, you need to place a reed switch on the door jamb, and install a magnet on the door itself.

However, ordinary reed switches cannot switch lighting lamps, so it is better to assemble the machine according to the diagram shown in fig. 1.

Automatic light switch in the hallway

Here, the contacts SF1 of the reed switch control the triac VS1, and already it turns on the lighting. Moreover, the reed switch must be with normally closed contacts, which open when the door is closed. For example, a reed switch of any relay of the RES55 series is suitable. You don’t have to disassemble the relay, you just need to connect the terminals of its contacts with a two-wire wire in reliable insulation with the rest of the machine parts, and isolate the relay itself well.

The parts are placed in a small case made of insulating material or inside the switch. If there is no triac KU208G, it is permissible to use TS106-10 or similar in terms of parameters. Resistors - MLT, S2-33.

Please note that the lighting in the hallway will be on as long as the door is open. True, by complicating the machine (Fig. 2), it will be possible to ensure a delay in turning off the lighting.

Automatic light switch in the hallway

The machine contains a rectifier, composed of a quenching capacitor C4, a limiting resistor R6, a zener diode VD2, a diode VD1 and a smoothing capacitor C3. On the transistor VT1, a pulse generator is made with a repetition rate of about 2 kHz, and on VT2, an electronic key.

In standby mode, when the door is closed, the contacts of the main light switch and reed switch SF1 are open, capacitor C3 is charged to a voltage of approximately 23 V. Capacitor C2 is discharged, transistor VT2 is closed, the generator does not work.

When the door is opened, the reed switch contacts close, the capacitor C2 quickly charges to a voltage of 18 ... 20 V, the transistor VT2 opens, the generator starts to work. Now the triac opens at the beginning of each half-cycle of the mains voltage. The lighting turns on and remains on even after closing the door for about 30 ... 40 s - until the capacitors C2 and C3 are discharged to a few volts.

In the machine, it is permissible to use, in addition to those indicated on the diagram, transistors KT117A, KT117V, KT117G (VT1), KT3102A, KT3102V-KT3102E, KT312B (VT2), triac TS106-10, any rectifier diode. The VD2 zener diode can be replaced with two or three series-connected zener diodes of the D814 series for a total voltage of 22 ... 25 V. Capacitor C1 - KLS, K10-17, C4 - K73 series, the rest - K50 series. Resistors - MLT, S2-33. The reed switch is the same as in the previous design.

Most of the parts are mounted on a printed circuit board (Fig. 3) made of one-sided foil fiberglass, which is placed in a housing made of insulating material.

Automatic light switch in the hallway

The establishment of the machine is reduced to the selection of capacitor C2, depending on the desired delay in turning off the lighting. The capacitance of the capacitor C3 should be 5 ... 10 times the capacitance of the capacitor C2.

Author: I.Nechaev

See other articles Section Lighting.

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