Lighter for gas 2. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Lighter for gas. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Home, household, hobby

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There were no matches in the house, and they were not delivered to the store. It doesn't matter - a simple lighter for a stove can be assembled from a dozen non-deficient radio elements.

The lighter circuit (Fig. 1) consists of two generators. The first is built on two low-power transistors, the second - on two thyristors. The cascade on transistors of different conductivity converts low-voltage direct voltage into high-voltage pulsed voltage. The timing chain in this generator is the elements C 1, R2. When the power is turned on, the transistor VT1 opens, and the voltage drop across its collector opens the transistor VT2. Capacitor C1, charging through resistor R1, reduces the base current of transistor VT2 so much that transistor VT1 goes out of saturation, and this leads to closing of VT2. The transistors will be closed until the capacitor C1 is discharged through the primary winding of the transformer T 1.

gas lighter

The increased pulse voltage taken from the secondary winding of the transformer T1 is rectified by the diode VD1 and fed to the capacitor C2 of the second generator with a trinistor VS1 and a dinistor VS2. In each positive half-cycle, the storage capacitor C2 is charged to the amplitude value of the voltage equal to the switching voltage of the dynistor VS2, i.e. up to 56 V (nominal pulse triggering voltage for trinistor type KN 102G).

The transition of the dinistor to the open state affects the control circuit of the dinistor VS 1, which in turn also opens. Capacitor C2 is discharged through the trinistor and the primary winding of the transformer T2, after which the dinistor and trinistor close again and the next charge of the capacitor begins - the switching cycle is repeated.

Pulses with an amplitude of several kilovolts are taken from the secondary winding of the transformer T2, which are fed through the tip of the lighter into a special chamber where sparks of high-voltage discharges occur, igniting the gas-air mixture. The frequency of spark discharges is approximately 20 Hz, but it is much less than the frequency of pulses taken from the secondary winding of the transformer T1. This happens because the capacitor C2 is charged to the switching voltage of the dinistor (Uprk.) Not in one, but in several positive half-cycles. The capacitance value of this capacitor determines the power and duration of the output discharge pulses. The average value of the discharge current, which is safe for the dinistor and the control electrode of the trinistor, is chosen based on the capacitance of this capacitor and the magnitude of the pulse voltage supplying the cascade. For reliable operation of the dinistor-trinistor generator, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the ratio: Upit.imp. Urpk. To comply with this condition, the capacitance of the capacitor C2 must be within 1 μF.

Of the ten parts of the device, two are homemade: transformers T1 and T2. The first one is made on an annular ferrite magnetic core of size 10x6x5. It has 540 turns of PEV-2 0,1 wire with a grounded outlet after the 20th turn. The beginning of its winding is connected to the transistor VT2, the end - to the diode VD1. The second transformer is made on a coil with a ferrite (possibly with permalloy) core 10 mm in diameter, 30 mm long. A coil with an outer diameter of 30 mm and a width of 10 mm is wound with PEV-2 0,1 wire until the frame is completely filled. Before the end of the winding, a grounded tap is made, and the last row of wire of 30-40 turns is wound round to round over the insulating layer of varnished fabric. The beginning of the winding of the transformer is connected to the electrode of the high-voltage arrester, and the end - to the cathode of the trinistor VS1. Transformer T2 in the course of winding must be impregnated with insulating varnish or BF-2 glue, then dried thoroughly.

The remaining parts of the circuit can be replaced without compromising the reliability of the lighter. So, instead of VT1 and VT2, you can use any low-power transistors that can operate in a pulsed mode.

Trinistor KU101E can be replaced with KU101G. Power source - elements with a voltage of not more than 1,5 V. These can be elements of the type 312, 314, 316, 326, 336, 343, 373, as well as disk batteries D-0,26D, D-0.55S, etc. .

The manufacture of the high-voltage arrester chamber requires special care. The gas must penetrate to the electrodes, mixing well with the air, otherwise even the strongest spark discharge will not ignite it. Therefore, the chamber should be in the form of a glass with holes drilled in its end and side walls. An aluminum shell from an oxide-electrolytic capacitor of the K50-35 type with a diameter of 12 mm can serve as a blank case for it. After the high-voltage electrodes passed through the remote hollow rod of the lighter (the outer diameter of the rod is 9 mm) are reliably isolated from each other, and the distance between their ends is adjusted to sufficient strength and spark size, a glass chamber is put on the end of the rod. Holes for the passage of gas are drilled with a 3 mm drill.

The device can be assembled in almost any suitable case, in the author's version - the case of an industrial piezoelectric lighter.

Author: Yu.Kalentiev, Minsk; Publication: N. Bolshakov, rf.atnn.ru

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