stable arc. Scheme, description

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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stable arc. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / welding equipment

If an economic craftsman himself makes various machines, for example, small-scale mechanization tools that facilitate work in the household and at home, then he cannot do without a welding machine. Among amateur designers, the most common devices are electric arc welding with stick electrodes.

True, "welders" can also be different - in one case this is a home-made device based on a school laboratory transformer (LATR), and someone has a proprietary semi-automatic device. But all of them can be divided into two types: working on alternating or direct current.

The advantages of welding machines of the second type in comparison with the first are known. Firstly, this is the softness of the formation and stability of the arc burning in all modes of welding and cutting workpieces. Secondly, the evenness and high quality of the resulting seams. Third - low noise level (cod).

Therefore, already having an AC welding machine, I decided to make another one - on direct current, and I think that it was not in vain. The design turned out to be very workable in terms of the electrodes used (from 2 mm to 6 mm) and reliable due to the simplicity of execution.

stable arc
Installation of parts and assemblies of the welding machine on the trolley platform: 1 - transformer; 2-rectifier; 3-electrolytic capacitor; 4-throttle; 5-platform; 6-cart

stable arc
Schematic diagram of a DC welding machine

My welding machine uses a 5 kW transformer. Its primary winding consists of 270 turns of copper wire with a diameter of 3,5 mm in a cotton insulating sheath. The secondary winding has 60 turns and is made of a copper bus with a cross section of 8x3 mm (like the standard secondary winding of the transformer) and has 38 turns with a gap in the iron of 1,2 mm. A fluoroplastic film wound in several layers was used as external insulation.

All parts of the welding machine are mounted on one common platform platform. Since most of the parts are massive, the device itself turned out to be not easy. Therefore, the platform was installed on a small trolley to make it easier to move the device from place to place.

Another advantage of the DC welding machine was revealed already during its operation. It turns out that with its help it is possible to weld rather thin sheets of stainless steel quite qualitatively even in the conditions of a home workshop.

Author: V.Kurakin

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